Hellenica — Chronicle
Ordered by chapter. Xenophon marks time only relatively ("in the following year", "when winter came"), and the books and sections follow the course of events. The B.C. dates printed at the head of some sections in this translation were added by the translator, H. G. Dakyns; they are left in the text but are not used here to date events. Every event links back to one sentence of the original.
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439 events · no calendar year read from the text
Undated
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Syracuse]] · at this date
It was at this date that the Syracusan generals received news from home of their banishment by the democratic party.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2
When, however, no one had any kind of accusation to prefer, they yielded to the general demand, and were content to await the arrival of their successors.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Syracuse]]
The captains, for their part, swore to restore the exiled generals as soon as they themselves should return to Syracuse.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · now
The latter did not wait to be asked, but at once gave him money, which enabled him to collect friends and triremes, with a view to his ultimate recall to Syracuse.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · It was at this same season
The Laconian Pasippidas was charged with having brought the business about in conjunction with Tissaphernes, and was banished from Sparta in consequence.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Chios]]
The naval force which he had been collecting from the allies was handed over to Cratesippidas, who was sent out to take his place in Chios.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Athens]] · About the same period
But Thrasylus led out the Athenians with the rest of the inhabitants of the city, and drew them up by the side of the Lyceum Gymnasium, ready to engage the enemy if they approached; seeing which, Agis beat a hasty retreat, not however without the loss of some of his supports, a few of whom were cut down by the Athenian light troops.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
This success disposed the citizens to take a still more favourable view of the objects for which Thrasylus had come; and they passed a decree empowering him to call out a thousand hoplites, one hundred cavalry, and fifty triremes.
Book 1, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Byzantium]] · Meanwhile
Three of them, on reaching the Hellespont, were destroyed by the Athenian ships employed to keep a sharp look-out on all merchant craft in those waters. The other twelve escaped to Sestos, and thence finally reached Byzantium in safety.
Book 1, section 3
The Bithynians delivered up the property. Returning to camp, not only thus enriched, but with the further satisfaction of having secured pledges of good behaviour from the Bithynians
Book 1, section 3 · 📍 [[Chalcedon]]
Hippocrates Alcibiades Thrasylus
Presently Hippocrates fell, and the troops under him fled into the city
Book 1, section 3 · 📍 [[Chalcedon]]
Pharnabazus Euryptolemus Diotimus
the Persian satrap agreed to pay the Athenians twenty talents in behalf of the town, and to grant their ambassadors a safe conduct up country to the king. It was further stipulated by mutual consent and under oaths provided, that the Chalcedonians should continue the payment of their customary tribute to Athens, being also bound to discharge all outstanding debts.
Book 1, section 3 · 📍 [[Chrysopolis]]
Alcibiades Pharnabazus Mitrobates Arnapes Euryptolemus Diotimus
After this, oaths were exchanged between them by proxy. Alcibiades took them at Chrysopolis in the presence of two representatives sent by Pharnabazus--namely, Mitrobates and Arnapes. Pharnabazus took them at Chalcedon in the presence of Euryptolemus and Diotimus, who represented Alcibiades. Both parties bound themselves not only by the general oath, but also interchanged personal pledges of good faith.
Book 1, section 3 · 📍 [[Byzantium]]
these people opened the gates leading to the Thracian Square, as it is called, and admitted the Athenian troops with Alcibiades at their head.
Book 1, section 3 · 📍 [[Byzantium]]
but finding the enemy in occupation, they had nothing for it but to give themselves up.
Book 1, section 3 · 📍 [[Piraeus]]
Coeratadas, in the midst of the crowd and confusion of debarkation at Piraeus, gave his guards the slip, and made his way in safety to Decelia.
Book 1, section 4 · B.C. 407.
One of the company was Cyrus, the new governor of all the seaboard districts
Book 1, section 4
Cyrus, however, urged upon Pharnabazus either to deliver them up to himself, or to defer sending them home at present
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Cius in Mysia]] · when three years had elapsed
Then at last they received safe conduct to Ariobarzanes, with orders for their further transportation.
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Thasos]]
In this quarter he reduced various places which had revolted to Lacedaemon, including the island of Thasos
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Athens]]
the Athenians had already chosen as their general Alcibiades, who was still in exile, and Thrasybulus, who was also absent, and as a third, from among those at home, Conon.
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Piraeus]] · on the very day of the festival of the Plunteria
he sailed home, and entered Piraeus on the very day of the festival of the Plunteria
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Athens]]
He was then formally declared leader and chief of the State, with irresponsible powers
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Eleusis]]
his first act was to institute anew the processional march to Eleusis
Book 1, section 4 · 📍 [[Andros]] · within three months of his return
Alcibiades Aristocrates Adeimantus
within three months of his return, he set sail for Andros, which had revolted from Athens.
Book 1, section 5 · At a date not much earlier than that of the incidents just described
the Lacedaemonians had sent out Lysander as their admiral, in the place of Cratesippidas, whose period of office had expired.
Book 1, section 5
That prince, however, refused to receive them, nor were the prayers of Tissaphernes of any avail
Book 1, section 5 · 📍 [[Samos]] · On his return to Samos a little later
as Lysander, conscious of his inferiority in numbers, refused to accept the challenge, he sailed back again to Samos.
Book 1, section 5 · Shortly after this
Shortly after this the Lacedaemonians captured Delphinium and Eion.
Book 1, section 5 · 📍 [[the Chersonese]] · now
Accordingly they chose ten new generals--namely Conon, Diomedon, Leon, Pericles, Erasinides, Aristocrates, Archestratus, Protomachus, Thrasylus, and Aristogenes. Alcibiades, who was moreover in bad odour in the camp, sailed away with a single trireme to his private fortress in the Chersonese.
Book 1, section 5 · 📍 [[Samos]] · After this
After this Conon, in obedience to a decree of the Athenian people, set sail from Andros with the twenty vessels under his command in that island to Samos, and took command of the whole squadron.
Book 1, section 5 · 📍 [[Andros]]
That captain was fortunate enough to intercept and capture two Thurian ships of war, crews and all, and these captives were all imprisoned by the Athenians, with the exception of their leader Dorieus.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Pericles Diomedon Lysias Aristocrates Thrasylus Erasinides
All the above-named generals, with the exception of Conon, were presently deposed by the home authorities.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]] · On their arrival
On their arrival Archidemus, the leader of the democracy at that date, who had charge of the two obol fund, inflicted a fine on Erasinides, and accused him before the Dicastery of having appropriated money derived from the Hellespont, which belonged to the people.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Timocrates Pericles Diomedon Lysias Aristocrates Thrasylus
Timocrates then proposed that the other five generals should be put in custody and handed over to the public assembly. Whereupon the senate committed them all to prison.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Pericles Diomedon Lysias Aristocrates Thrasylus
Indeed many private citizens rose wishing to become bail for the accused, but it was resolved to defer decision till another meeting of the assembly.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]] · Then came the festival of the Aparturia
Theramenes Callixenus Pericles Diomedon Lysias Aristocrates Thrasylus
Accordingly the party of Theramenes procured numbers of people clad in black apparel, and close-shaven, who were to go in and present themselves before the public assembly in the middle of the festival, as relatives, presumably, of the men who had perished; and they persuaded Callixenus to accuse the generals in the senate.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Callixenus Pericles Diomedon Lysias Aristocrates Thrasylus
Further, in the event of the aforesaid generals being found guilty, let death be the penalty. Let the guilty persons be delivered over to the eleven. Let their property be confiscated to the State, with the exception of one tithe, which falls to the goddess.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]] · Presently
Presently Euryptolemus, the son of Peisianax, and others served a notice of indictment on Callixenus, insisting that his proposal was unconstitutional
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Lysicus Callixenus Euryptolemus
when Lysicus, embodying the spirit of those cries, formally proposed that if these persons would not abandon their action, they should be tried by the same vote along with the generals: a proposition to which the mob gave vociferous assent; and so these were compelled to abandon their summonses.
Book 1, section 7, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]] · Again
This obstinate dissentient was Socrates, the son of Sophroniscus, who insisted that he would do nothing except in accordance with the law.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2
At the conclusion of his speech Euryptolemus proposed, as an amendment, that the prisoners should, in accordance with the decree of Cannonus, be tried each separately, as against the proposal of the senate to try them all by a single vote.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2
At the show of hands the tellers gave the majority in favour of Euryptolemus's amendment, but upon the application of Menecles, who took formal exception to this decision, the show of hands was gone through again, and now the verdict was in favour of the resolution of the senate.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2 · At a later date
At a later date the balloting was made, and by the votes recorded the eight generals were condemned, and the six who were in Athens were put to death.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2 · Not long after
Not long after, repentance seized the Athenians, and they passed a decree authorising the public prosecution of those who had deceived the people, and the appointment of proper securities for their persons until the trial was over. Callixenus was one of those committed for trail.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2
There were, besides Callixenus, four others against whom true bills were declared, and they were all five imprisoned by their sureties.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2 · at the time of the sedition in which Cleophon was killed
But all subsequently effected their escape before the trial, at the time of the sedition in which Cleophon was killed.
Book 1, section 7, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Piraeus]] · at the date of the amnesty
Callixenus eventually came back when the party in Piraeus returned to the city, at the date of the amnesty, but only to die of hunger, an object of universal detestation.
Book 2, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Lampsacus]] · On the very day of these achievements
Lysander, on his side, conveyed the ships and prisoners and all other spoil back to Lampsacus, having on board some of the Athenian generals, notably Philocles and Adeimantus.
Book 2, section 1, part 2/2
at length a resolution was passed to put all the Athenian prisoners, with the exception of Adeimantus, to death.
Book 2, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Abarnis]]
he put into Abarnis, the promontory of Lampsacus, and there picked up the great sails of Lysander's ships
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Byzantium and Chalcedon]]
the inhabitants, having first dismissed the Athenian garrison under a flag of truce, admitted him within their walls.
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Byzantium and Chalcedon]]
leaving Sthenelaus, a Laconian, as governor-general of Byzantium and Chalcedon
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[the northern coasts]]
that officer brought about a revolution of affairs which placed the whole region in the hands of Lacedaemon.
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Aegina]]
where, having got together as many of the former inhabitants as possible, he formally reinstated them in their city
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Salamis]] · finally
He then pillaged the island of Salamis, and finally came to moorings off Piraeus with one hundred and fifty ships of the line, and established a strict blockade against all merchant ships entering that harbour.
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2
Agis bade them betake themselves to Lacedaemon, seeing that he had no authority to act himself.
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Despatched accordingly, he lingered on with Lysander for three whole months and more, watching for the time when the Athenians, at the last pinch of starvation, would be willing to accede to any terms that might be offered.
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]] · After this
After this Theramenes was chosen with nine others to go to Lacedaemon as ambassadors with full powers.
Book 2, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · Meanwhile
Meanwhile Lysander had sent an Athenian exile, named Aristoteles, in company of certain Lacedaemonians, to Sparta to report to the board of ephors how he had answered Theramenes, that they, and they alone, had supreme authority in matters of peace and war.
Book 2, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Syracuse]] · during its middle months
during its middle months took place the accession of Dionysius, the son of Hermocrates the Syracusan, to the tyranny of Syracuse
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · In the following year
Critias Theramenes Aeschines Aristoteles
In the following year the people passed a resolution to choose thirty men who were to draft a constitution based on the ancestral laws of the State.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Samos]] · at the last moment
But at the last moment, when Lysander was on the point of assaulting the town, they accepted the terms, which allowed every free man to leave the island, but not to carry away any part of his property, except the clothes on his back.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Samos]]
The city and all it contained was then delivered over to its ancient citizens by Lysander, who finally appointed ten governors to garrison the island.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Laconia]] · in the latter end of summer
All these things Lysander delivered to the Lacedaemonians in the latter end of summer.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · meanwhile
The laws were always on the point of being published, yet they were never forthcoming; and the thirty compilers contented themselves meanwhile with appointing a senate and the other magistracies as suited their fancy best.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Athens]] · in the first instance
Aeschines Aristoteles Lysander
in the first instance, they sent (two of their number), Aeschines and Aristoteles, to Lacedaemon, and persuaded Lysander to support them in getting a Lacedaemonian garrison despatched to Athens.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Athens]]
A bodyguard, with Callibius as governor, was sent.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · These were early days
These were early days; as yet Critias was of one mind with Theramenes, and the two were friends.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · Day after day
Day after day the list of persons put to death for no just reason grew longer.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · at length
till at length Theramenes spoke again, protesting:--There was no help for it but to associate with themselves a sufficient number of persons in the conduct of affairs, or the oligarchy would certainly come to an end.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4
Critias and the rest of the Thirty, whose fears had already converted Theramenes into a dangerous popular idol, proceeded at once to draw up a list of three thousand citizens; fit and proper persons to have a share in the conduct of affairs.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the Agora]]
The Three Thousand were drawn up in the Agora, and the rest of the citizens, who were not included in the list, elsewhere in various quarters of the city. The order to take arms was given; but while the men's backs were turned, at the bidding of the Thirty, the Laconian guards, with those of the citizens who shared their views, appeared on the scene and took away the arms of all except the Three Thousand, carried them up to the Acropolis, and safely deposited them in the temple.
Book 2, section 3, part 1/4 · Presently
Presently the question rose, How they were to get money to pay their guards? and to meet this difficulty a resolution was passed empowering each of the committee to seize on one of the resident aliens apiece, to put his victim to death, and to confiscate his property.
Book 2, section 3, part 2/4
Then they issued an order to the young men, picking out the most audacious characters they could find, to be present, each with a dagger hidden in the hollow of the armpit; and so called a meeting of the senate.
Book 2, section 3, part 2/4
We therefore hereby cite this man before you, as a conspirator and traitor against yourselves and us.
Book 2, section 3, part 2/4
All I did was to defend myself. My defence was that the storm was too violent to permit any vessel to ride at sea, much more therefore to pick up the men, and this defence was accepted by my fellow-citizens as highly reasonable
Book 2, section 3, part 4/4 · at that instant
Satyrus laid hold upon Theramenes to drag him from the altar, and the attendants lent their aid.
Book 2, section 3, part 4/4 · 📍 [[Agora]]
And so Theramenes was dragged through the Agora, in vehement and loud tones proclaiming the wrongs that he was suffering.
Book 2, section 3, part 4/4 · when the time was come to drink the fatal draught
Also, when they brought him the hemlock, and the time was come to drink the fatal draught
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Piraeus]] · in the night
Thrasybulus at the head of his followers, by this time about one thousand strong, descended from Phyle and reached Piraeus in the night.
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Munychia]]
they fell back in a compact body upon Munychia.
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4 · 📍 [[the passage of the Cephisus]]
the seer
he himself as though he were driven by some fatal hand, leapt out in front of the ranks, and so springing into the midst of the foe, was slain, and lies now buried at the passage of the Cephisus.
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4
There fell in this engagement, out of the number of the Thirty, Critias himself and Hippomachus, and with them Charmides, the son of Glaucon, one of the ten archons in Piraeus
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4
But the rest were victorious, and pursued the routed enemy down to the level ground.
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4
The arms of the slain were taken; but, as fellow-citizens, the conquerors forebore to despoil them of their coats. This being done, they proceeded to give back the dead under cover of a truce
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4 · 📍 [[the council chamber]] · the next day
But the next day the Thirty, in deep down-heartedness and desolation, sat in the council chamber.
Book 2, section 4, part 2/4 · In the end
In the end they voted a resolution to depose the government, and to elect another. This was a board of ten, elected one from each tribe.
Book 2, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · B.C. 403.
At Sparta, Lysander, taking into account the possibility of speedily reducing the party in Piraeus by blockading them by land and sea, and so cutting them off from all supplies, supported the application, and negotiated the loan of one hundred talents to his clients, backed by the appointment of himself as harmost on land, and of his brother, Libys, as admiral of the fleet.
Book 2, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Piraeus]] · B.C. 403.
At Sparta, Lysander, taking into account the possibility of speedily reducing the party in Piraeus by blockading them by land and sea, and so cutting them off from all supplies, supported the application, and negotiated the loan of one hundred talents to his clients, backed by the appointment of himself as harmost on land, and of his brother, Libys, as admiral of the fleet.
Book 2, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Eleusis]] · B.C. 403.
Touched by a certain envy of Lysander--(who seemed, by a final stroke of achievement, about to reach the pinnacle of popularity, with Athens laid like a pocket dependency at his feet)--the king persuaded three of the ephors to support him, and forthwith called out the ban.
Book 2, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Piraeus]] · B.C. 403.
They cut down about thirty of the enemy's light troops and pursued the rest hotly to the theatre in Piraeus.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]] · At a subsequent date
At a subsequent date Cyrus sent messengers to Lacedaemon, claiming requital in kind for the service which he had lately rendered in the war with Athens.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Lower Asia]] · B.C. 400
It was in recognition of the service which he had rendered in this affair, that Tissaphernes was despatched to Lower Asia by the king his master. He came as satrap, not only of his own provinces, but of those which had belonged to Cyrus
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · B.C. 400
and he at once demanded the absolute submission of the Ionic cities, without exception, to his authority.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Pergamum]] · B.C. 400-399
Pergamum came in of her own accord.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Teuthrania and Halisarna]] · B.C. 400-399
So did Teuthrania and Halisarna. These were under the government of Eurysthenes and Procles
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2
He had already reached Ephesus, and was on the point of marching into Caria, when Dercylidas arrived to take command of his army.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · on his arrival
Thus it was that Thibron returned home, where on his arrival he was fined and banished, the allies accusing him of allowing his troops to plunder their friends.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2
Dercylidas Tissaphernes Pharnabazus
Coming to terms with the former, he marched into the territory of the latter, preferring, as he said, to be at war with one of the pair at a time, rather than the two together.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Aeolis]] · whilst he was alive
This district of Aeolis belonged to Pharnabazus, but had been held as a satrapy under him by a Dardanian named Zenis whilst he was alive; but when Zenis fell sick and died, Pharnabazus made preparation to give the satrapy to another.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2
When he had heard her words, Pharnabazus decided that the woman ought to be satrap.
Book 3, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Larisa and Hamaxitus and Colonae]] · as soon as she was mistress of the territory
of those cities that owed her no allegiance, she acquired, on the seaboard, Larisa and Hamaxitus and Colonae--attacking their walls by aid of Hellenic mercenaries, whilst she herself sat in her carriage and watched the spectacle.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aeolid]]
Accordingly he sent to Pharnabazus and put it to him point-blank: Which will you have, peace or war? Whereupon Pharnabazus, who could not but perceive that the whole Aeolid had now been converted practically into a fortified base of operations, which threatened his own homestead of Phrygia, chose peace.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Bithynian Thrace]] · B.C. 399-398
Presently he was joined from the other side of the straits by some Odrysian allies sent by Seuthes; they numbered two hundred horse and three hundred peltasts.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Bithynia]] · one morning
The Bithynians, having ascertained the actual numbers of the marauding parties as well as of the Hellenes left as guards behind, collected in large masses of light troops and cavalry, and attacked the garrison, who were not more than two hundred strong.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Bithynia]] · the winter through
Thus they harried and burned Bithynia the winter through.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Lampsacus]] · B.C. 398
Dercylidas Aracus Naubates Antisthenes
They were sent to inquire generally into the condition of affairs in Asia, and to inform Dercylidas of the extension of his office for another year.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Lampsacus]]
The soldiers were therefore summoned, and the envoys delivered their message, to which the leader of the Cyreians answered:
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3
When he knew that his stay was to be prolonged, he sent again to Pharnabazus and offered him once more as an alternative either the prolongation of the winter truce or war. And once again Pharnabazus chose truce.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Chersonese]] · With the commencement of spring
Having offered sacrifice, he commenced his line of wall, distributing the area to the soldiers in detachments, and promising to award them prizes for their industry--a first prize for the section first completed, and the rest as each detachment of workers might deserve.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Chersonese]] · before autumn
By this means the whole wall begun in spring was finished before autumn. Within these lines he established eleven cities, with numerous harbours, abundance of good arable land, and plenty of land under plantation, besides magnificent grazing grounds for sheep and cattle of every kind.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Atarneus]] · in eight months
Being further informed of the large supplies of grain which they had inside, he proceeded to draw entrenchments around the place with a view to a regular investment, and by this means he reduced it in eight months.
Book 3, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Atarneus]]
Then having appointed Draco of Pellene commandant, he stocked the fortress with an abundance of provisions of all sorts
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3
His coming was partly owing to the fact that Tissaphernes had been appointed general-in-chief, and party in order to testify his readiness to make common cause with his brother satrap in fighting and expelling the Hellenes from the king's territory
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Caria]]
But being arrived in Caria, they determined to establish garrisons of some strength in the various fortresses, and so crossed back again into Ionia.
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3
In this mind he followed suit, and recrossed the frontier too.
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3
Pharnabazus, it was reported, had given orders to engage; but Tissaphernes, who recalled his experience of his own exploits with the Cyreian army, and assumed that all other Hellenes were of similar mettle, had no desire to engage, but sent to Dercylidas saying, he should be glad to meet him in conference.
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3
When this proposal had been agreed to and carried out, the two armies retired for the night
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3 · On the next day
Tissaphernes Pharnabazus Dercylidas
On his side, Dercylidas insisted that the king should grant independence to the Hellenic cities; while Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus demanded the evacuation of the country by the Hellenic army, and the withdrawal of the Lacedaemonian governors from the cities.
Book 3, section 2, part 2/3 · After this interchange of ideas
After this interchange of ideas a truce was entered into, so as to allow time for the reports of the proceedings to be sent by Dercylidas to Lacedaemon, and by Tissaphernes to the king.
Book 3, section 2, part 3/3
When the people came to discover that their hero was not dead, they crowded round his house this side and that, like a swarm of bees clinging to their leader; and as soon as Thrasydaeus had put himself in the van, with the people at his back, a battle was fought, and the people won. And those who had laid their hands to deeds of butchery went as exiles to the Lacedaemonians.
Book 3, section 2, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]] · the following summer
until Thrasydaeus, the following summer, sent to Lacedaemon and agreed to dismantle the walls of Phea and Cyllene, and to grant autonomy to the Triphylian townships--together with Phrixa and Epitalium, the Letrinians, Amphidolians, and Marganians; and besides these to the Acroreians and to Lasion, a place claimed by the Arcadians.
Book 3, section 2, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Elis]]
After these concessions, peace and alliance between the Eleians and the Lacedaemonians were established, and the war between Elis and Sparta ceased.
Book 3, section 3 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]]
He survived the journey, but being there arrived, death speedily overtook him.
Book 3, section 3 · When the holy days of mourning were accomplished
Such were the arguments on either side, after hearing which the city chose Agesilaus to be king.
Book 3, section 3 · Now Agesilaus had not been seated on the throne one year
Nor had five days elapsed after the sacrifices were ended, ere one came bringing information to the ephors of a conspiracy, and named Cinadon as the ringleader;
Book 3, section 3 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]] · forthwith
Thus upon the heads of those was visited the penalty of their offences.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Caria]]
Accordingly he transferred the whole of his infantry to that province, and proceeded to lead his cavalry round into the plain of the Maeander.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Phrygia]]
But, instead of marching straight into Caria, Agesilaus turned sharp off in the opposite direction towards Phrygia. Picking up various detachments of troops which met him on his march, he steadily advanced, laying cities prostrate before him, and by the unexpectedness of his attack reaping a golden harvest of spoil.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Dascylium]]
Pharnabazus Rhathines Bagaeus Agesilaus
At this point the Hellenic cavalry turned and fled. But as Agesilaus came up to the rescue with his heavy infantry, the Asiatics were forced in their turn to withdraw, with the loss of one man slain.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · on the day following it
There was nothing for it after this manifestation but to turn and march towards the sea.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3
With this view he drew up a list of all the wealthiest inhabitants belonging to the several cities of those parts. Their duty would be to support a body of cavalry, with the proviso, however, that any one contributing a horse, arms, and rider, up to the standard, would be exempted from personal service.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Ephesus]] · at the first indication of spring
After this, at the first indication of spring, he collected the whole of his army at Ephesus. But the army needed training. With that object he proposed a series of prizes--prizes to the heavy infantry regiments, to be won by those who presented their men in the best condition; prizes for the cavalry regiments which could ride best; prizes for those divisions of peltasts and archers which proved most efficient in their respective duties.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Ephesus]]
So the Spartan leader argued; and with a view to its production he ordered the quartermasters to put up the prisoners who had been captured by his foraging bands for auction, stripped naked;
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · By this date
Agesilaus Xenocles Scythes Herippidas Migdon
Among these Agesilaus appointed Xenocles and another to the command of the cavalry, Scythes to that of the heavy infantry of the enfranchised, Herippidas to that of the Cyreians, and Migdon to that of the contingents from the states.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Caria]]
Accordingly he repeated his former tactics, transporting his infantry bodily into Caria and posting his cavalry in the valley of the Maeander.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Sardis]]
But Agesilaus was as good as his word, and at once invaded the district of Sardis. A three days' march through a region denuded of the enemy threw large supplies into his hands.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Sardis]] · On the fourth day
The Hellenes followed close on the heels of the flying foe and captured his camp. here the peltasts not unnaturally fell to pillaging; whereupon Agesilaus planted his troops so as to form a cordon enclosing the property of friends and foes alike. The spoil taken was considerable; it fetched more than seventy talents, not to mention the famous camels, subsequently brought over by Agesilaus into Hellas, which were captured here.
Book 3, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Sardis]]
And the king of Persia, coming to a like conclusion himself that Tissaphernes was to blame for the evil turn of his affairs, sent down Tithraustes and beheaded him.
Book 3, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Hellas]]
Tithraustes Timocrates the Rhodian
he resolved to send Timocrates the Rhodian to Hellas with a gift of gold worthy fifty silver talents, and enjoined upon him to endeavour to exchange solemn pledges with the leading men in the several states, binding them to undertake a war against Lacedaemon.
Book 3, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Thebes]]
Timocrates the Rhodian Androcleidas Ismenias Galaxidorus Timolaus Polyanthes Cylon
In Thebes he gave gifts to Androcleidas, Ismenias, and Galaxidorus; in Corinth to Timolaus and Polyanthes; in Argos to Cylon and his party.
Book 3, section 5, part 1/2
Then Androcleidas and his friends lost no time in persuading the Thebans to assist the Locrians
Book 3, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Orchomenus]]
succeeded in detaching Orchomenus from Thebes.
Book 3, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Boeotia]]
Pausanias the king advanced into Boeotia with the home army and the whole of the Peloponnesian contingents, saving only the Corinthians, who declined to serve.
Book 3, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Haliartus]]
The Thebans were made aware, and hurried to the rescue with heavy infantry and cavalry. Then, whether it was that the army of relief fell upon Lysander unawares, or that with clear knowledge of his approach he preferred to await the enemy, with intent to crush him, is uncertain. This only is clear: a battle was fought beside the walls, and a trophy still exists to mark the victory of the townsfolk before the gates of Haliartus. Lysander was slain, and the rest fled to the mountains, the Thebans hotly pursuing.
Book 3, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Boeotia]] · on the third day
These, however, the Thebans were not disposed to give back unless they agreed to retire from their territory. The terms were gladly accepted by the Lacedaemonians, who at once picked up the corpses of the slain, and prepared to quit the territory of Boeotia.
Book 3, section 5, part 2/2 · on his arrival at home
As for Pausanias, on his arrival at home he was tried on the capital charge. The heads of indictment set forth that he had failed to reach Haliartus as soon as Lysander, in spite of his undertaking to be there on the same day: that, instead of using any endeavour to pick up the bodies of the slain by force of arms, he had asked for a flag of truce: that at an earlier date, when he had got the popular government of Athens fairly in his grip at Piraeus, he had suffered it to slip through his fingers and escape. Besides this, he failed to present himself at the trial, and a sentence of death was passed upon him.
Book 3, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Tegea]]
He escaped to Tegea and there died of an illness whilst still in exile.
Book 4, section 1, part 2/2
This instant I leave your territory with what haste I may, and for the future--even in case of war--as long as we can find foes elsewhere our hands shall hold aloof from you and yours.
Book 4, section 1, part 2/2 · At a later date, during the absence of Pharnabazus abroad
At a later date, during the absence of Pharnabazus abroad, this same youth, the son of Parapita, was deprived of the government by his brother and driven into exile.
Book 4, section 1, part 2/2 · B.C. 394.
B.C. 394. But to return to the actual moment. Agesilaus was as good as his word, and at once marched out of the territory of Pharnabazus.
Book 4, section 2, part 1/2
That officer, on his arrival, explained the position of affairs, and concluded by delivering a peremptory summons of the state recalling him to the assistance of the fatherland without delay.
Book 4, section 2, part 1/2
When they heard the announcement many wept, and they passed a resolution, one and all, to assist Agesilaus in assisting Lacedaemon; if matters turned out well there, they undertook to take him as their leader and come back again to Asia; and so they fell to making preparations to follow him.
Book 4, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Asia]] · When the Hellespont was crossed
As soon as the adjudication was complete, the army commenced its march with Agesilaus at its head, following the very route taken by the great king when he invaded Hellas.
Book 4, section 2, part 1/2
as Agesipolis was still a boy, the state called upon Aristodemus, who was of the royal family and guardian of the young king, to lead the expedition
Book 4, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Nemea]]
The arguments of the speaker were deemed sound, and a resolution was passed in that sense
Book 4, section 2, part 2/2
Lacedaemonians Athenians Argives Corinthians Thebans
The end of it all was that the defeated troops in the first instance made for safety to the walls of their city
Book 4, section 2, part 2/2
Corinthians
but the Corinthians within closed the gates, whereupon the troops took up quarters once again in their old encampment.
Book 4, section 2, part 2/2
Lacedaemonians
The Lacedaemonians on their side withdrew to the point at which they first closed with the enemy, and there set up a trophy of victory.
Book 4, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Mount Narthacius]]
Agesilaus Polymarchus of Pharsalus
Still Polymarchus of Pharsalus, the general in command of their cavalry, rallied his men for an instant, and fell, sword in hand, with his immediate followers.
Book 4, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Cnidus]]
The engagement of the hostile fleets took place off Cnidus. Pharnabazus, the Persian admiral, was present with the Phoenician fleet, and in front of him were ranged the ships of the Hellenic squadron under Conon. Peisander had ventured to draw out his squadron to meet the combined fleets, though the numerical inferiority of his fleet to that of the Hellenic navy under Conon was conspicuous, and he had the mortification of seeing the allies who formed his left wing take to flight immediately.
Book 4, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Coronea]]
And now the victory of Agesilaus was fairly won, and he himself, wounded, had been carried back to the main line,
Book 4, section 3, part 1/2
He gave orders to let them retire unscathed, and would not suffer any injury to be done to them.
Book 4, section 4, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Kraneion]]
The younger men, acting on a suspicion conceived by one of their number, Pasimelus, as to what was going to take place, kept quiet in the Kraneion
Book 4, section 4, part 1/2
It was in furtherance of this design that two men--Pasimelus and Alcimenes--undertook to creep through a watercourse and effect a meeting with Praxitas the polemarch of the Lacedaemonians, who was on garrison duty with his own division in Sicyon. They told him they could give him ingress at a point in the long walls leading to Lechaeum.
Book 4, section 4, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corinth]] · on the same day
Agesilaus commanded the expedition, and after ravaging their territory from one end to the other, crossed their frontier at Tenea and swooped down upon Corinth, taking the walls which had been lately rebuilt by the Athenians.
Book 4, section 4, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corinth]] · on the same day
He was supported on the sea side by his brother Teleutias with a naval force of about twelve triremes, and the mother of both was able to congratulate herself on the joint success of both her sons; one having captured the enemy's walls by land and the other his ships and naval arsenal by sea, on the same day.
Book 4, section 4, part 2/2 · for the present
These achievements sufficed Agesilaus for the present; he disbanded the army of the allies and led the state troops home.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Isthmus]] · B.C. 390
Agesilaus was again in command of the expedition. In the first instance he advanced upon the Isthmus.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · the month of the Isthmian games
So when they perceived the approach of Agesilaus, the Argives and their friends left the offerings as they lay, including the preparations for the breakfast, and retired with undisguised alarm into the city by the Cenchrean road.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Oenoe]] · On the fourth day
Agesilaus, with the main body, meanwhile pursued his march by the sea-shore, and the division, simultaneously descending from the heights, captured the fortified position of Oenoe, appropriating its contents.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[the Heraion]]
He decided to deliver up to the exiles all those concerned with the late butchery, and that all else should be sold.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[the plateau of Lechaeum]] · that night
On receipt of these tidings he commanded the troops to order arms, and having rested them a little space, led them back again to the Heraion.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[the Heraion]] · The next day
The next day he spent in disposing of the captured property.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[the gates of Corinth]] · Next day
Next day he sacrificed, and led his army up to the gates of Corinth. The trophy he respected, but not one tree did he leave standing--chopping and burning, as proof positive that no one dared to face him in the field.
Book 4, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Creusis]]
And as to the Theban ambassadors, in lieu of letting them pass into the city, he sent them off by sea across to Creusis.
Book 4, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corinth]]
Callias drew up his heavy infantry in line at no great distance from the city, Iphicrates and his peltasts made a dash at the returning division.
Book 4, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Lechaeum]]
The death-roll, including those who fell in the second fight and the final flight, must have numbered two hundred and fifty slain, or thereabouts.
Book 4, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Sidus]] · Subsequently
One and all of these now fell into the hands of Iphicrates.
Book 4, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Crommyon]] · Subsequently
One and all of these now fell into the hands of Iphicrates.
Book 4, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Oenoe]] · Subsequently
One and all of these now fell into the hands of Iphicrates.
Book 4, section 6 · 📍 [[Calydon]] · B.C. 390-389
Achaeans Calydonians
the Achaeans, being in possession of Calydon, a town from old times belonging to Aetolia, and having further incorporated the Calydonians as citizens
Book 4, section 6 · 📍 [[Calydon]]
Achaeans Arcarnanians Athenians Boeotians
The reason was, that the Arcarnanians were threatening the place with an army, and were aided by contingents from Athens and Boeotia, who were anxious to help their allies.
Book 4, section 6 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]]
Achaeans Lacedaemon
but either we must give up all part in the war in Peloponnesus and cross over in full force to engage the Arcarnanians, or we must make peace with them on whatever terms we can.
Book 4, section 6
Lacedaemon Agesilaus Achaeans
Accordingly they sent out Agesilaus with two divisions and the proper complement of allies.
Book 4, section 6 · 📍 [[the lake]] · on the fifteenth or sixteenth day after he had first entered the country
Agesilaus Acarnanians
and so captured a vast quantity of cattle, horses, and grazing stock of all kinds, besides numerous slaves.
Book 4, section 6 · on that day
Agesilaus Acarnanians Lacedaemonians
they swerved and fled, and there died of them on that day about three hundred.
Book 4, section 6 · 📍 [[Aetolia]] · as the season of autumn rapidly approached
Agesilaus Achaeans Acarnanians
With this retort he withdrew overland through Aetolia
Book 4, section 6 · 📍 [[Aetolia]]
Agesilaus Aetolians
The Aetolians, however, were only too glad to yield the Spartan king a free passage
Book 4, section 7 · B.C. 389-388
Agesilaus called out the ban once more with early spring to invade the Acarnanians. The latter were apprised of his intention, and, being persuaded that owing to the midland situation of their cities they would just as truly be blockaded by an enemy who chose to destroy their corn as they would be if besieged with entrenchments in regular form, they sent ambassadors to Lacedaemon, and made peace with the Achaeans and alliance with the Lacedaemonians.
Book 4, section 7 · 📍 [[Olympia]]
The god indicated to the inquirer that he might lawfully repudiate any holy truce which was fraudulently antedated.
Book 4, section 7 · 📍 [[Argive territory]]
Agesipolis answered them curtly that the gods were not satisfied with the justice of their plea, and, refusing to accept the truce, pushed forward, causing thereby great perplexity and consternation throughout the rural districts and the capital itself.
Book 4, section 7 · 📍 [[Argive territory]] · next morning
Accordingly next morning he sacrificed to Poseidon, and advanced a short distance further into the country.
Book 4, section 7 · 📍 [[the pass of Celusa]] · At a still later period
but upon offering sacrifice the victims proved lobeless, and he was constrained to lead back and disband his army
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the islands and the maritime states]]
Pharnabazus and Conon, after defeating the Lacedaemonians in the naval engagement of Cnidus, commenced a tour of inspection round the islands and the maritime states, expelling from them, as they visited them, one after another the Spartan governors.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Ephesus]]
Accordingly, when disembarking at Ephesus, he presented Conon with a fleet of forty sail, and having further instructed him to meet him at Sestos, set off himself by land along the coast to visit his own provinces.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Abydos]] · at the time of the sea-fight
For here it should be mentioned that his old enemy Dercylidas happened to be in Abydos at the time of the sea-fight; nor had he at a later date suffered eclipse with the other governors, but on the contrary, had kept tight hold of Abydos and still preserved it in attachment to Lacedaemon.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Abydos]]
To this the Abydenians lent no deaf ears, but rather responded with willingness approaching enthusiasm--extending the hand of fellowship to the ex-governors, some of whom were already flocking to Abydos as a harbour of refuge, whilst others they sent to summon from a distance.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Sestos]]
There he not only set about collecting those who held lands in the Chersonese through Lacedaemonian influence, but extended his welcome also to the governors who had been driven out of European states.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the territory of the men of Abydos]]
Now when Pharnabazus found Abydos and Sestos so conditioned, he gave them to understand that unless they chose to eject the Lacedaemonians, he would bring war to bear upon them; and when they refused to obey, having first assigned to Conon as his business to keep the sea closed against them, he proceeded in person to ravage the territory of the men of Abydos.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Pherae]] · with the approach of spring
And in the first instance he sailed down to Pherae and ravaged that district, after which he made successive descents at various other points on the seaboard, and did what injury he could.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the city of the Cytherians]]
The occupants of the city of the Cytherians, in terror of being taken by storm, evacuated the walls.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Phoenicus in Cythera]]
To dismiss these under a flag of truce across to Laconia was his first step; his second was to repair the fortress in question and to leave a garrison in the island under an Athenian governor--Nicophemus.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the Isthmus of Corinth]]
After this he set sail to the Isthmus of Corinth, where he delivered an exhortation to the allies begging them to prosecute the war vigorously, and to show themselves faithful to the Great King; and so, having left them all the moneys he had with him, set off on his voyage home.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Athens]]
These arguments so far weighed with Pharnabazus that he despatched Conon to Athens with alacrity, and further supplied him with funds for the restoration of the walls.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Athens]] · on his arrival at Athens
Thus it was that Conon, on his arrival at Athens, was able to rebuild a large portion of the walls--partly by lending his own crews, and partly by giving pay to carpenters and stone-masons, and meeting all the necessary expenses.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the gulf round Achaia and Lechaeum]]
Nor must it be forgotten that the Corinthians, with the funds left them by Pharnabazus, manned a fleet--the command of which they entrusted to their admiral Agathinus--and so were undisputed masters of the sea within the gulf round Achaia and Lechaeum.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · B.C. 393-391
That officer, in an attack of no great moment, lost his life, and Pollis, his second in command, was presently in his turn obliged to retire, being wounded, whereupon Herippidas took command of the vessels.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · B.C. 393-391
That officer, in an attack of no great moment, lost his life, and Pollis, his second in command, was presently in his turn obliged to retire, being wounded, whereupon Herippidas took command of the vessels.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Rhium]] · B.C. 393-391
On the other hand, Proaenus the Corinthian, who had relieved Agathinus, evacuated Rhium, and the Lacedaemonians recovered that post.
Book 4, section 8, part 1/4 · 📍 [[the gulf]] · Subsequently
Subsequently Teleutias succeeded to Herippidas's fleet, and it was then the turn of that admiral to dominate the gulf.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · B.C. 392.
And so it came to pass that this peace proved abortive, and the representatives departed each to his own home.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · B.C. 392.
On the arrival of Tiribazus at the palace, the king sent down Struthas to take charge of the seaboard district.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · 📍 [[the plain of the Maeander]] · B.C. 391.
Thibron and Thersander were the first to be cut down, and when these had fallen the rest of the troops were easily turned.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Rhodes]] · B.C. 390.
Ecdicus
Accordingly they fitted out for them a fleet of eight vessels, and put Ecdicus in command of it as admiral.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Asia]] · B.C. 390.
His orders were to cross over into Asia and to secure the states which had received Thibron. He was also to pick up the survivors of Thibron's army, and with these troops, aided by a second army which he would collect from any other quarter open to him, he was to prosecute the war against Struthas.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Cnidus]] · B.C. 390.
Ecdicus
Ecdicus having reached Cnidus, there learned that the democracy in Rhones were entirely masters of the situation. They were dominant by land and sea; indeed they possessed a fleet twice the size of his own. He was therefore content to keep quiet in Cnidus
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Cnidus]] · B.C. 390.
Teleutias Ecdicus
At this point Ecdicus returned home, and Teleutias, continuing his voyage, reached Rhodes, at the head now of seven-and-twenty vessels.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · B.C. 390.
Teleutias Philocrates Evagoras
The whole flotilla fell into the Spartan's hands--a curious instance, it may be added, of cross purposes on the part of both belligerents.
Book 4, section 8, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Rhodes]] · B.C. 390.
Teleutias put back into Cnidus to dispose of his captives, and so eventually reached Rhodes, where his arrival brought timely aid to the party in favour of Lacedaemon.
Book 4, section 8, part 3/4 · B.C. 389.
despatched Thrasybulus the Steirian to check them, with a fleet of forty sail.
Book 4, section 8, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Hellespont]]
he reconciled them to each other, and made them friends and allies of Athens;
Book 4, section 8, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Byzantium]]
By another stroke he converted the oligarchy of Byzantium into a democracy.
Book 4, section 8, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Methymna]]
A battle was fought and Therimachus was slain, a fate shared by several of the exiles of his party.
Book 4, section 8, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Aspendus]] · at night
the people of the place in a fit of irritation burst into the general's quarters at night and butchered him in his tent.
Book 4, section 8, part 3/4 · In room of him
In room of him the Athenians chose Agyrrhius, who was despatched to take command of the fleet.
Book 4, section 8, part 4/4 · 📍 [[plain of Cremaste]] · B.C. 389-388
At that instant Iphicrates set his ambuscade in motion, and dashed against the Spartan at full speed.
Book 4, section 8, part 4/4 · B.C. 389-388
As the words died on his lips he took from the hands of his attendant shield-bearer his heavy shield, and there, at his post, unflinchingly fought and fell;
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]] · B.C. 388
The Athenians retaliated by despatching a body of hoplites under their general Pamphilus, who constructed a fort against the Aeginetans, and proceeded to blockade them by land and sea with ten warships.
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]]
Teleutias, however, while threading his way among the islands in question of contributions, had chanced to reach a point where he received information of the turn in affairs with regard to the construction of the fortress, whereupon he came to the rescue of the beleaguered Aeginetans, and so far succeeded that he drove off the enemy's blockading squadron.
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]] · after four months' sojourn in Aegina
In consequence of this chance the Athenian troops inside the fortres were more blockaded than the Aeginetans themselves, so much so that a vote was passed by the Athenian assembly, in obedience to which a large fleet was manned, and the garrison, after four months' sojourn in Aegina, were brought back.
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]]
Antalcidas Gorgopas Nicolochus
Accordingly Antalcidas, after visiting Aegina in order to pick up the vessels under Gorgopas, set sail for Ephesus. At this point he sent back Gorgopas with his twelve ships to Aegina, and appointed his vice-admiral Nicolochus to command the remainder of the fleet.
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Tenedos]]
Nicolochus was to relieve Abydos, and thither set sail; but in the course of the voyage turned aside to Tenedos, where he ravaged the territory, and, with the money so secured, sailed on to Abydos.
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]] · At break of day
At their fall the rest of course turned and fled.
Book 5, section 1, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]] · At break of day
One hundred and fifty Aeginetans were numbered among the slain, while the loss incurred by the foreigners, metics, and sailors who had joined the relief party, reached a total of two hundred.
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · once again
Subsequently the Lacedaemonians despatched Teleutias once again to take command of the squadron
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Piraeus]] · with the first streak of dawn
But with the first streak of dawn he led the way, the rest following.
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Aegina]]
After these performances he sailed back to Aegina, where he sold his prizes, and with the proceeds was able to provide his troops with a month's pay
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[the Persian court]] · B.C. 388-387
Antalcidas had now returned from the Persian court with Tiribazus. The negotiations had been successful. He had secured the alliance of the Persian king and his military co-operation in case the Athenians and their allies refused to abide by the peace which the king dictated.
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Abydos]]
Nicolochus Iphicrates Diotimus
his second in command, Nicolochus, was being blockaded with his fleet by Iphicrates and Diotimus in Abydos
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Abydos]] · one night
Being come thither he took the fleet one night and put out to sea, having first spread a story that he had invitations from a party in Calchedon; but as a matter of fact he came to anchorage in Percote and there kept quiet.
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Proconnesus]] · Meanwhile
Antalcidas Demaenetus Dionysius (Athenian commander) Leontichus Phanias
Meanwhile the Athenian forces under Demaenetus and Dionysius and Leontichus and Phanias had got wind of his movement, and were in hot pursuit towards Proconnesus. As soon as they were well past, the Spartan veered round and returned to Abydos
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Abydos]] · a little later
trusting to information brought him of the approach of Polyxenus with the Syracusan and Italian squadron of twenty ships, which he wished to pick up and incorporate with his own.
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · A little later
Antalcidas Thrasybulus of Collytus
so that not one of the eight vessels escaped.
Book 5, section 1, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Ionia]] · Presently
Antalcidas Polyxenus Tiribazus Ariobarzanes
Presently the Syracusan squadron of twenty vessels joined him, and again another squadron from Ionia, or rather so much of that district as lay under the control of Tiribazus. The full quota of the contingent was further made up from the territory of Ariobarzanes
Book 5, section 1, part 3/3
Hence, when Tiribazus issued a summons calling on all who were willing to listen to the terms of peace sent down by the king to present themselves, the invitation was promptly accepted.
Book 5, section 1, part 3/3
Should any of the parties concerned not accept this peace, I, Artaxerxes, will war against him or them with those who share my views.
Book 5, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · B.C. 386
Accordingly Agesipolis led the expedition--in spite of the cordial relations of his father Pausanias with the leaders of the popular party in Mantinea.
Book 5, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · B.C. 385
they signified their consent to raze their walls.
Book 5, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · B.C. 385
Then the father treated with the son, Pausanias with Agesipolis, on their behalf, and obtained immunity for them--sixty in number--on condition that they should quit the city.
Book 5, section 2, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · B.C. 385
In conclusion, the wall was razed, and Mantinea split up into four parts, assuming once again its primitive condition as regards inhabitants.
Book 5, section 2, part 2/3
These further resolutions being also passed, the Lacedaemonians despatched Eudamidas, accompanied by a body of neodamodes, with perioeci and Sciritae, to the number of two thousand odd. Eudamidas lost no time in setting out, having obtained leave from the ephors for his brother Phoebidas to follow later with the remainder of the troops assigned to him.
Book 5, section 2, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Potidaea]]
He also secured the voluntary adhesion of Potidaea, although already a member of the Olynthian alliance; and this town now served as his base of operations for carrying on war on a scale adapted to his somewhat limited armament.
Book 5, section 2, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Thebes]]
On reaching Thebes the troops encamped outside the city, round the gymnasium.
Book 5, section 2, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Thebes]]
Follow me with your hoplites, and I will introduce you into the citadel. That done, you may rest assured Thebes will be completely under the thumb of Lacedaemon and of us, your friends.
Book 5, section 2, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Thebes]]
The consent of the Spartan secured, Leontiades bade him set his troops in motion, as if everything were ready for his departure.
Book 5, section 2, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Cadmeia]] · It was noon of a hot summer's day
He turned him back, and led him without further delay into the acropolis. Having posted Phoebidas and his soldiers inside, he handed him the key of the gates
Book 5, section 2, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Cadmeia]]
I hereby seize the person of Ismenias as an arch-fomenter of war. I call upon you, sirs, who are captains of companies, and you who are ranked with them, to do your duty. Arise and secure the prisoner, and lead him away to the place appointed.
Book 5, section 2, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Athens]]
These were the men who shared the views of Androcleidas and Ismenias, and they must have numbered about three hundred.
Book 5, section 2, part 3/3 · Now that the transactions were concluded
Now that the transactions were concluded, another polemarch was chosen in place of Ismenias
Book 5, section 2, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Olynthus]] · the campaign of the summer
Teleutias claimed the victory, and a trophy was duly erected
Book 5, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Apollonia]] · B.C. 381.
Having once turned them, Derdas gave them no respite, pursuing and slaughtering them for ten miles or more, until he had driven them for shelter within the very ramparts of Olynthus. Report said that Derdas slew something like eighty men in this affair.
Book 5, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Olynthus]]
Then the Olynthian cavalry, choosing a favourable moment, when those who had crossed seemed easy to deal with, wheeled and attacked them, putting Tlemonidas himself to the sword with more than a hundred others of his company.
Book 5, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Olynthus]]
Here Teleutias fell fighting, and when that happened, without further pause the troops immediately about him swerved.
Book 5, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Olynthus]]
In this determination they sent out King Agesipolis, as general, attended, like Agesilaus on his Asiatic campaign, by thirty Spartans.
Book 5, section 3, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]] · B.C. 380
But to this they could not bring themselves. Whereupon he invaded the territory of Phlius, and promptly drawing lines of circumvallation, commenced the siege.
Book 5, section 3, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Torone]]
The town of Torone he attacked and took by storm.
Book 5, section 3, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Aphytis]] · within a week of the day on which he sickened
To this spot accordingly he was carried, still living, but only to breathe his last outside the sacred shrine, within a week of the day on which he sickened.
Book 5, section 3, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]]
His body was laid in honey and conveyed home to Sparta, where he obtained royal sepulchre.
Book 5, section 3, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]] · B.C. 379
A board of one hundred--fifty taken from the restored exiles, fifty from those within the city--were in the first place to make inquisition as to who deserved to live and who to die, after which they were to lay down laws as the basis of a new constitution.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Thebes]] · After a certain interval
After a certain interval Melon, accompanied by six of the trustiest comrades he could find among his fellow-exiles, set off for Thebes.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5
They entered, slew Leontiades, and with threats silenced his wife.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[the prison]]
The gaoler opened the door, and was at once despatched, and the prisoners were released.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[the Ampheion]]
These they speedily supplied with arms taken from the armoury in the stoa, and then led them to the Ampheion, and bade them take up a position there, after which they at once made a proclamation calling on all Thebans to come out, horse and foot, seeing that the tyrants were dead.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5
The approach of the Plataeans was perceived by the Theban cavalry, who met them and killed a score of them and more
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[the acropolis]]
All this so worked upon their fears that they agreed to evacuate the place if the citizens would allow them a safe-conduct to retire with their arms.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · as the garrison retired
For all that, as the garrison retired, those of them who were recognised as personal foes were seized and put to death.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · When the news of these proceedings reached Sparta
and the next was to call out the ban against Thebes.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Thebes]] · B.C. 378
Accordingly the ephors, instructed by the Theban exiles who had escaped the late massacres, despatched Cleombrotus.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Plataeae]]
These, with the exception of one or two who escaped, were cut down by the peltasts
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Plataeae]]
and Cleombrotus descended in person upon Plataeae, which was still friendly to Sparta.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Thespiae]] · sixteen days
Here he halted sixteen days, and then again fell back upon Thespiae.
Book 5, section 4, part 1/5 · 📍 [[Thespiae]]
At this latter place he now left Sphodrias as governor, with a third portion of each of the contingents of the allies, handing over to him all the moneys he had brought with him from home
Book 5, section 4, part 2/5 · After this adventure
After this adventure the contingents lost no time in returning to their several homes, as Cleombrotus disbanded them.
Book 5, section 4, part 2/5 · 📍 [[Attica]]
As a matter of fact day overtook him at Thria, nor did he take any pains even to draw a veil over his intentions; on the contrary, being forced to turn aside, he amused himself by recklessly lifting cattle and sacking houses.
Book 5, section 4, part 2/5 · 📍 [[Athens]] · Immediately on receipt of the news
Etymocles Aristolochus Ocyllus
Immediately on receipt of the news the Athenians seized these three and imprisoned them, as not improbably concerned in the plot.
Book 5, section 4, part 2/5 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Etymocles Aristolochus Ocyllus
On this wise the ambassadors were acquitted of all concern in the matter and dismissed.
Book 5, section 4, part 2/5
Sphodrias himself was recalled and indicted by the ephors on the capital charge, and, in spite of his refusal to face the trial, he was acquitted.
Book 5, section 4, part 3/5 · 📍 [[Leuctra]] · at Leuctra
and at Leuctra, fighting in front of the king side by side with Deinon the polemarch, thrice fell or ever he yielded up his breath--foremost of the citizens amidst the foe.
Book 5, section 4, part 3/5 · 📍 [[Athens]]
and in consequence of this the Athenians not only furnished Piraeus with gates, but set to work to build a fleet, and displayed great zeal in sending aid to the Boeotians.
Book 5, section 4, part 3/5
The Lacedaemonians, on their side, called out the ban against the Thebans; and being persuaded that in Agesilaus they would find a more prudent general than Cleombrotus had proved, they begged the former to undertake the expedition.
Book 5, section 4, part 3/5 · 📍 [[Mount Cithaeron]]
he came to an understanding with the Cleitorians that in the event of his needing it, this force would be at his service; and as soon as the sacrifices for crossing the frontier proved favourable, he sent to the commander of the Cleitorian mercenaries, and handing him a month's pay, ordered him to occupy Cithaeron with his men.
Book 5, section 4, part 3/5 · 📍 [[Thespiae]]
After this exploit he beat a retreat, retiring into Thespiae, where he fortified their citadel for them. Here he left Phoebidas as governor
Book 5, section 4, part 4/5 · B.C. 377
With the advent of spring the ephors again called out the ban against Thebes, and requested Agesilaus to lead the expedition, as on the former campaign.
Book 5, section 4, part 4/5 · 📍 [[Thebes]] · B.C. 377
This done he proceeded to ravage the eastward-facing districts of the city of Thebes as far as the territory of Tanagra
Book 5, section 4, part 4/5 · 📍 [[Thespiae]]
Being arrived within the walls of Thespiae, Agesilaus found the citizens in a state of party feud, the men of Lacedaemonian proclivities desiring to put their political opponents, one of whom was Menon, to death--a proceeding which Agesilaus would not sanction. After having healed their differences and bound them over by solemn oath to keep the peace with one another, he at once retired
Book 5, section 4, part 4/5 · 📍 [[Sparta]]
Here once more he disbanded the allies, and at the head of the city troops himself marched back to Sparta.
Book 5, section 4, part 5/5 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]] · B.C. 376.
After thus carefully considering the matter they manned a fleet of sixty triremes, and Pollis was appointed admiral in command.
Book 5, section 4, part 5/5 · B.C. 375.
Accordingly they eagerly manned a fleet of sixty vessels, appointing Timotheus as admiral in command, and despatched it on a cruise round Peloponnesus.
Book 5, section 4, part 5/5 · 📍 [[Corcyra]] · B.C. 375.
Timotheus in his cruise reached Corcyra, and reduced it at a blow. That done, he neither enslaved the inhabitants nor drove them into exile, nor changed their laws.
Book 5, section 4, part 5/5 · 📍 [[Alyzia]] · B.C. 375.
The result was a defeat at the moment, and Timotheus set up a trophy at Alyzia.
Book 5, section 4, part 5/5 · 📍 [[Alyzia]] · B.C. 375.
he bore down upon Alyzia in search of the Athenian, and as Timotheus refused to put out to meet him, the Lacedaemonian in turn set up a trophy on the nearest group of islands.
Book 6, section 1, part 1/2 · lately
he is minded to march against Pharsalus if we will not hearken to him
Book 6, section 1, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]]
Accordingly he bade me demand assistance from you
Book 6, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]] · the next day and the day following
For the present they would not be able to send him sufficient aid: under the circumstances they advised him to go back and make the best settlement he could of his own affairs and those of his city.
Book 6, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Pharsalus]]
The citadel of Pharsalus he begged Jason not to force him to give up: his desire was to preserve it for those who had entrusted it to his safe keeping; his own sons Jason was free to take as hostages, and he would do his best to procure for him the voluntary adhesion of his city by persuasion, and in every way to further his appointment as Tagos of Thessaly.
Book 6, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Pharsalus]] · ere long
Accordingly, after interchange of solemn assurances between the pair, the Pharsalians were let alone and in peace, and ere long Jason was, by general consent, appointed Tagos of all the Thessalians.
Book 6, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Thessaly]] · Once fairly vested with that authority
Once fairly vested with that authority, he drew up a list of the cavalry and heavy infantry which the several states were capable of furnishing as their quota
Book 6, section 1, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Thessaly]] · His next act
His next act was a summons to all the dwellers round to pay tribute exactly the amount imposed in the days of Scopas.
Book 6, section 2, part 1/2 · B.C. 374-373
two of the ambassadors, in obedience to a decree of the state, set sail at once from Laconian territory, bearing orders to Timotheus to sail home, since peace was established.
Book 6, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Zacynthus]] · B.C. 374-373
That officer, while obeying his orders, availed himself of the homeward voyage to land certain Zacynthian exiles on their native soil, whereupon the Zacynthian city party sent to Lacedaemon and complained of the treatment they had received from Timotheus;
Book 6, section 2, part 1/2 · B.C. 373
The Athenians passed a decree to man sixty ships of war, and elected Timotheus admiral.
Book 6, section 2, part 1/2 · B.C. 373
To the Athenians, however, it seemed that he was wasting the precious time seasonable for the coastal voyage, and they were not disposed to condone such an error, but deposed him, appointing Iphicrates in his stead.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2
The fact was, they were sorely afraid of being caught by the Athenians in the island, and so they made safely off to Leucas.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · At the date of Mnasippus's death
At the date of Mnasippus's death he chanced to be off Sphagiae in Laconian territory.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Cephallenia]] · only on arrival in Cephallenia
It was, in fact, only on arrival in Cephallenia that he learned the news in an explicit form, and gave his troops rest.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Cephallenia]] · After reducing the towns of Cephallenia
After reducing the towns of Cephallenia, Iphicrates sailed to Corcyra.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corcyra]]
Sailing to the point where the enemy's vessels lay, he had no difficulty in capturing the crews, who had disembarked from all the ships with one exception.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2
Thus he encountered the ships of Iphicrates, but contrived to slip through his fingers, while the whole of the Syracusan vessels were captured, crews and all.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corcyra]]
With the captive crews themselves he came to an agreement that each should pay a fixed sum as ransom, with one exception, that of Crinippus, their commander.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2
The prisoner, however, from vexation of spirit, put an end to his own life.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corcyra]]
The rest were sent about their business by Iphicrates, who accepted the Corcyraeans as sureties for the money.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Acarnania]]
while at the head of his light infantry and the hoplites of the contingent he crossed over into Acarnania, and there lent his aid to any friendly state that needed his services;
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Cephallenia]] · B.C. 372
Having attached to his squadron the navy also of Corcyra, with a fleet numbering now about ninety ships he set sail, in the first instance to Cephallenia, where he exacted money--which was in some cases voluntarily paid, in others forcibly extorted.
Book 6, section 2, part 2/2
Iphicrates Callistratus Chabrias
If his strategy was admirable, so too was the instinct which led him to advise the association with himself of two such colleagues as Callistratus and Chabrias
Book 6, section 3, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Athens]]
Among the commissioners appointed were Callias the son of Hipponicus, Autocles the son of Strombichides, Demostratus the son of Aristophon, Aristocles, Cephisodotus, Melanopus, and Lycaethus.
Book 6, section 3, part 1/2 · B.C. 371
He had obtained furlough from Iphicrates on an undertaking either to send money for the fleet or to arrange a peace.
Book 6, section 3, part 2/2
Lacedaemonians
The arguments of the speakers were approved, and the Lacedaemonians passed a resolution to accept peace on a threefold basis: the withdrawal of the governors from the cities, the disbanding of armaments naval and military, and the guarantee of independence to the states.
Book 6, section 3, part 2/2
Lacedaemonians Athenians
On these terms the oaths were administered and accepted by the Lacedaemonians on behalf of themselves and their allies, and by the Athenians and their allies separately state by state.
Book 6, section 3, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · the next day
Thebans Agesilaus
The Thebans had entered their individual name among the states which accepted the oaths, but their ambassadors came the next day with instructions to alter the name of the signatories, substituting for Thebans Boeotians. But Agesilaus answered to this demand that he would alter nothing of what they had in the first instance sworn to and subscribed.
Book 6, section 3, part 2/2
Lacedaemonians Athenians Thebans
So it came to pass that the rest of the world made peace, the sole point of dispute being confined to the Thebans;
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · In consequence of the peace
Athenians Iphicrates
In consequence of the peace the Athenians proceeded to withdraw their garrisons from the different sates, and sent to recall Iphicrates with his fleet;
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Lacedaemon]]
Athenians Iphicrates
besides which they forced him to restore everything captured subsequently to the late solemn undertaking at Lacedaemon.
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Phocis]]
Lacedaemonians
Although they withdrew their governors and garrisons from the other states, in Phocis they did not do so.
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3
Lacedaemonians Cleombrotus
so they sent instructions to Cleombrotus not to disband the army, but to march straight against the Thebans if they refused to recognise the autonomy of the states.
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Boeotia]]
Cleombrotus Thebans
he therefore felt justified in marching his troops into Boeotia.
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Creusis]]
Cleombrotus Thebans
he arrived before Creusis, taking that fortress and capturing twelve Theban war-vessels besides.
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Leuctra]] · after this achievement
Cleombrotus Thebans
After this achievement he advanced from the seaboard and encamped in Leuctra on Thespian territory.
Book 6, section 4, part 1/3 · 📍 [[Leuctra]] · In the heat of noon
Cleombrotus Thebans
In their flight they became involved with their own heavy infantry; and to make matters worse, the Theban regiments were already attacking vigorously.
Book 6, section 4, part 2/3
When, however, Deinon the polemarch and Sphodrias, a member of the king's council, with his son Cleonymus, had fallen, then it was that the cavalry and the polemarch's adjutants, as they are called, with the rest, under pressure of the mass against them, began retreating;
Book 6, section 4, part 2/3
Agesilaus being still disabled by his infirmity, the city imposed the duty of command upon his son Archidamus.
Book 6, section 4, part 2/3 · 📍 [[Corinth]]
At this point, then, Archidamus waited till all the allies had arrived, and so led the whole of the united armies back to Corinth, from which point he dismissed the allies and led his fellow-citizens home.
Book 6, section 4, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Heraclea]]
Arrived at Heraclea, he knocked down the fortress of the Heracleots
Book 6, section 4, part 3/3
Suddenly by these seven the Prince was despatched; his throat gashed, his body gored with wounds.
Book 6, section 4, part 3/3 · 📍 [[Larissa]] · Polyphron governed for a year
and from Larissa he drove many into exile.
Book 6, section 4, part 3/3
The perpetrators of the deed were his wife's brothers.
Book 6, section 4, part 3/3 · up to the date of this history
Tisiphonus, in virtue of his seniority accepted, and up to the date of this history succeeded in holding, the government.
Book 6, section 5, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Tegea]]
Callibius Proxenus of Tegea Stasippus
The result was a collision and battle, in which Proxenus and some few others with him were slain and the rest put to flight
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Mantinean territory]]
Here he encamped under the westward-facing mountains of Mantinea, and employed himself in ravaging the country district and sacking the farmsteads
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · ere long
Arcadians Mantineans
And so ere long the Arcadians had effected their object and were united with the Mantineans.
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · during the night
Orchomenian mercenaries Phliasian cavalry
These proved to be the light infantry from Orchomenus, who in company with the Phliasian cavalry had during the night made their way across past the town of Mantinea
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Eutaea]] · On the fourth day
His main object was in fact achieved. To some extent he had recovered the state from its late despondency, since he had invaded Arcadia and ravaged the country without any one caring to offer him battle. But, once arrived on Laconian soil, he dismissed the Spartan troops to their homes and disbanded the provincials to their several cities.
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Heraea]] · now that Agesilaus had retired
Arcadians
For this reason they entered the country, burning the homesteads and cutting down the fruit-trees.
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · Meanwhile
Thebans
Meanwhile news came of the arrival of the Theban reinforcements at Mantinea
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Laconia]]
Thebans Arcadians Argives Eleians
With all these arguments and persuasions echoing from all sides, the Thebans at last yielded, and invaded.
Book 6, section 5, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Oeum]]
Arcadians
They chose the Caryan route themselves, while the Arcadians entered by Oeum in the Sciritid.
Book 6, section 5, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Tegea]]
the Mantineans were justified in supporting Proxenus and his friends, who were put to death by the party with Stasippus
Book 6, section 5, part 4/4
Fair, also, was that achievement when you stayed the insolence of Eurystheus and saved the sons of Heracles;
Book 7, section 1, part 1/4 · 📍 [[Athens]] · B.C. 369
These arguments were successful. The Athenians were converted, and passed a decree vesting the command in either state for periods of five days alternately.
Book 7, section 1, part 2/4 · B.C. 368
Philiscus of Abydos Ariobarzanes
Self-esteem amounting to arrogance--such was the spirit which animated each section of the allies, when a new phase was introduced by the arrival of Philiscus of Abydos on an embassy from Ariobarzanes with large sums of money.
Book 7, section 1, part 2/4 · 📍 [[Delphi]] · B.C. 368
This agent's first step was to assemble a congress of Thebans, allies, and Lacedaemonians at Delphi to treat of peace.
Book 7, section 1, part 2/4 · B.C. 368
when the Thebans refused to acquiesce in the dependency of Messene upon Lacedaemon, Philiscus set about collecting a large foreign brigade to side with Lacedaemon and to prosecute the war.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]] · B.C. 366
Phliasians
They began to suffer from dearth of necessaries; but, in spite of all, remained unshaken in their alliance.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · B.C. 370-369
Phliasians Lacedaemonians
and though the enemy was massed round Amyclae, slipped through his ranks, as best they could, and so reached Sparta.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · B.C. 370-369
Lacedaemonians Phliasians
It was then that the Lacedaemonians, besides other honours conferred upon them, sent them an ox as a gift of hospitality.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]] · B.C. 369
Argives Phliasians
they attacked him, sixty in number, and routed his whole rearguard.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]]
Phliasian exiles Arcadians Eleians Argives
An agreement was made, and in the dead of night a party consisting of the exiles themselves and others with them, about six hundred in number, planted themselves close under the walls with scaling-ladders.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]]
Phliasians Arcadians Argives
In fact, the enemy, what between those who were slain inside and those who leapt from the walls, lost not less than eighty men.
Book 7, section 2, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]] · Next year
Phliasians Argives Arcadians Athenians
They made it so hot for the enemy that for the rest of that day he was forced to retire under the mountain ridges, and to hold aloof as if afraid to trample down the corn-crops of a friendly people on the flat below.
Book 7, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]]
Phliasians Sicyonians Pellenians
It ended in a hand-to-hand fight; and eventually the enemy gave way. On the field lay dead some Sicyonians, and of the Pellenians many a good man.
Book 7, section 2, part 2/2
Phliasians Proxenus of Pellene
That too was another noble exploit of the Phliasians, when they took the Pellenian Proxenus prisoner and, although suffering from scarcity at the time, sent him back without a ransom.
Book 7, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Phlius]] · in the night
Chares Phliasians
In short, the victory was theirs; and the enemy was driven off the road; and so they got themselves and their supplies safely home.
Book 7, section 2, part 2/2 · There only remained a brief interval of daylight before the sun went down
Chares Phliasians
These, when they saw the vehemence of the attack, at once, in utter panic, took to flight, leaving behind all their provisions for the brave fellows who took their place.
Book 7, section 2, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Corinth]] · in the night
Corinth Phlius
The messenger with the news of their success at Thyamia arrived at Corinth in the night. The citizens of that state with hearty friendship at once ordered out by herald all the oxen and beasts of burthen, which they loaded with food and brought to Phlius;
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Olympia]] · B.C. 364
Eleians Arcadians
Coming into collision with the Arcadians first, they at once put them to flight, and next receiving the attack of the Argive supports, mastered these also.
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Olympia]] · B.C. 364
Eleians Stratolas
some of the Eleians were slain, and amongst others the commander of the Three Hundred himself, Stratolas.
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Olympia]] · the next day
Eleians Arcadians
when the Eleians did again advance the next day and saw the strength of the barriers and the number mounted on the temples, they withdrew to their city.
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4 · B.C. 363
Mantineans
The Mantineans were the first to pass a resolution forbidding such use of the sacred property.
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4
Mantineans
The Mantineans, however, closed their gates, and would not admit the Troop within their walls.
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4
Arcadians
no sooner was a resolution passed in the general assembly forbidding the use of the sacred moneys for profane purposes than those (members of the league) who could not have afforded to serve as Eparitoi without pay began speedily to melt away; while those of more independent means, with mutual encouragement, began to enrol themselves in the ranks of the Eparitoi
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Thebes]]
Arcadians Thebans
They therefore sent an embassy to Thebes, with instructions to the Theban authorities warning them that, if they did not open a campaign, the Arcadians would in all probability again veer round to Lacedaemon.
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4 · 📍 [[Arcadia]]
Arcadians Thebans
the party who consulted the best interests of Peloponnese persuaded the general assembly of the Arcadians to send an embassy and tell the Thebans not to advance with an army into Arcadia, unless they sent for them
Book 7, section 4, part 3/4
Arcadians Eleians
As these were also the views and wishes of the Eleians, both parties agreed to make peace, and a truce was established.
Book 7, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Tegea]]
This being so, he abandoned his base of Nemea and pushed on to Tegea.
Book 7, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]]
As it was, Agesilaus, being forewarned, had time to return to the city before the Thebans came, and here the Spartans made distribution of their scanty force and maintained watch and ward
Book 7, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]] · At this crisis
Archidamus, advancing at the head of but a hundred men, and crossing the one thing which might have been expected to form an obstacle to the enemy, began marching uphill against his antagonists. At this crisis these fire-breathing warriors, these victorious heroes of Leuctra, with their superiority at every point, aided, moreover, by the advantage of their position, did not withstand the attack of Archidamus and those with him, but swerved in flight.
Book 7, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Sparta]]
So then Archidamus set up a trophy to note the limit of his success, and gave back those who had there fallen of the enemy under a truce.
Book 7, section 5, part 1/2 · 📍 [[Tegea]]
turned and marched back the way he came with all speed possible into Tegea.
Book 7, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Mantinea]]
Athenian cavalry Mantineans
The blows they struck enabled the Mantineans to recover all their property outside
Book 7, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Mantinea]]
Athenian cavalry Mantineans
there were some of the enemy's slain whom they restored to him under a flag of truce.
Book 7, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Mantinea]]
Epaminondas Thebans
He had so much the mastery at his point of attack that he caused the whole of the enemy's troops to take flight.
Book 7, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · after he himself had fallen
Thebans Athenians
not a single man afterwards did the victorious hoplites slay, not an inch forward did they advance from the ground on which the collision took place.
Book 7, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Mantinea]]
Thebans Athenians
here they encountered the Athenians, and most of them were cut down.
Book 7, section 5, part 2/2 · 📍 [[Mantinea]] · after the battle
Thebans Athenians
both belligerents alike set up trophies as claiming victory, and neither interfered with the other in the act. Both parties alike gave back their enemy's dead under a truce