Holinshed's Chronicles — the reigns Shakespeare dramatized — Chronicle
Ordered by year. Years come from what the text itself states — taken as written, never inferred; events with no stated year carry forward from the last anchor, marked “c.”. Every event links back to one sentence of the original.
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2082 events · 620 carry a year stated nearby in the text · the rest carried forward
1199 (24 events)
King John 1 · 📍 [[England]] · the sixt daie of Aprill, in the yeare of our Lord 1199
Iohn the yoongest son of Henrie the second was proclaimed king of England, beginning his reigne the sixt daie of Aprill, in the yeare of our Lord 1199
King John 1 · 📍 [[Aniou, Maine, and Touraine]] · so soone as it was knowne that king Richard was deceased
For by generall consent of the nobles and péeres of the countries of Aniou, Maine, and Touraine, Arthur was receiued as the liege and souereigne lord of the same countries.
King John 1 · 📍 [[Northampton]]
King John David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon Richard, Earl of Clare Ranulf, Earl of Chester William, Earl of Derby Walran, Earl of Warwick Roger de Lacy William de Mowbray
The names of the chéefe of those péeres that were sworne (as you haue heard) are as followeth. Dauid earle of Huntington brother vnto William king of Scots, Richard earle of Clare, Ranulfe earle of Chester, William earle of Tutberie or rather Darbie, Walran earle of Warwike, Roger Lacie constable of Chester, and William de Mowbraie
King John 1 · 📍 [[Britaine]]
Constance, Duchess of Brittany Arthur of Brittany Philip II of France
she doubting the suertie of hir sonne, committed him to the trust of the French king, who receiuing him into his tuition, promised to defend him from all his enimies, and foorthwith furnished the holds in Britaine with French souldiers.
King John 1 · 📍 [[Mauns]] · shortlie after
there tooke both the citie and castell of Mauns, throwing downe the wals and turrets therof, with all the fortifications and stonehouses in and about the same, and kept the citizens as prisoners, bicause they had aided Arthur against his vncle John.
King John 1 · 📍 [[Rouen]] · on the sundaie next after Easter being S. Marks day
King John Walter, Archbishop of Rouen
he was girded with the sword of the dutchie of Normandie in the high church there by the hands of Walter archbishop of Rouen. And so being inuested duke of Normandie, receiued the oth according to the custome, that he should defend the church, and mainteine the liberties thereof
King John 1 · 📍 [[Angiers]] · In the meane time
Eleanor of Aquitaine Marchades
And amongst other townes and fortresses, they tooke the citie of Angiers, slue manie of the citizens, and committed the rest to prison.
King John 2 · 📍 [[Westminster]] · the Ascension day the 27 of Maie
King John Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
When the archbishop had ended his speach, diuerse held their peace, and manie with great zeale saluted king John, whom the same daie the said archbishop crowned at Westminster, after the maner then vsed with great solemnitie, and no lesse reioising of all such as were present.
King John 2 · 📍 [[Westminster]] · At the same time also
At the same time also he receiued the homages of the lords and barons of the realme, and promised with all spéed to haue consideration of things that apperteined as well to religion as to the due execution of laws, whereby euerie man might come to inioie that which was his owne, by right and due course of iustice.
King John 2 · 📍 [[Westminster]] · The same daie of his coronation
King John William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke Geoffrey FitzPeter, Earl of Essex
The same daie of his coronation also, he inuested William Marshall with the sword of the earledome of Striguille, and Geffrey Fitz Peter, with the sword of the earledome of Essex.
King John 2 · In like maner
Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
In like maner, Hubert the archbishop of Canturburie was made lord chancellour of England;
King John 2 · The coronation being thus ended
William I of Scotland William, Prior of May William, Prior of St Colme's Inch William Hay
The coronation being thus ended, it was not long yer there came ambassadors from the Scotish king, namelie William the prior of May, William the prior of saint Colmes Ins, and one William Hay, the which on the behalfe of the said Scotish king required restitution of Northumberland and Cumberland, with the appurtenances, promising that if the same were restored to him, he would serue the king of England with all his power against all men then aliue;
King John 2 · 📍 [[Notingham]]
King John William I of Scotland Philip of Poitiers, Bishop of Durham
King John made answer héerevnto, that if his coosen the king of Scots would come vnto him, he should be assured to receiue at his hands all that was reason, as well in those demands, as in all other things. He also sent to him the bishop of Duresme, to require him to come vnto Notingham, where he would méet with him.
King John 2 · by the space of fortie daies
William I of Scotland Roger, Bishop of St Andrews Hugh Malebisse
Howbeit, king William refused to come himselfe as then, but sent the bishop of saint Andrew, and Hugh Malebisse to follow his suit, with promise to absteine from any forceable inuasion of England, by the space of fortie daies, so that he might within that terme haue some resolute answer from king John, wherevnto he might stand either on the one side or the other.
King John 3 · 📍 [[Normandie]]
Philip K. of France hauing leuied an armie, brake into Normandie, and tooke the citie of Eureux, the towne of Arques, and diuerse other places from the English.
King John 3 · 📍 [[Northumberland and Cumberland]]
King John William de Stuteville
Wherevpon he deliuered the charge of the counties of Northumberland and Cumberland, vnto the lord William de Stuteuille, with all the castels, and other the appurtenances
King John 3 · 📍 [[Pomfret]]
He also deliuered vnto Roger de Lacie conestable of Chester, the castell of Pomfret, hauing first the sonne and heire of the same Lacie deliuered vnto him as an hostage for his loialtie and faithfull obedience.
King John 3 · for fiftie daies
they came to a communication, and tooke truce for fiftie daies.
King John 3 · 📍 [[Rouen]]
King John Philip, Count of Flanders
he came to visit him at Rouen, where they renewed the league betwixt England & Flanders, to be the better able to defend themselues from the French power
King John 3 · About the same time
Philip II of France Arthur of Brittany
About the same time, king Philip made Arthur duke of Britaine knight, and receiued of him his homage for Aniou, Poictiers, Maine, Touraine, and Britaine.
King John 3 · 📍 [[Rouen]] · In the moneth of September
In the moneth of September, Jone king Johns sister, wife to Raimond earle of S. Giles, and somtime quéene of Sicile, died at Rouen, and was buried at Fonteuerard.
King John 3 · 📍 [[Angiers]] · In the night folowing
Arthur of Brittany Constance, Duchess of Brittany Guy de Tours
both the said Arthur, with his mother Constance, the said vicount of Tours, and diuerse other, fled awaie secretlie from the king, and got them to the citie of Angiers, where the mother of the said Arthur refusing hir former husband the earle of Chester, married hir selfe to the lord Guie de Tours, brother to the said vicount, by the popes dispensation.
King John 4
Furthermore, king John did set a rate vpon the prices of wines, as Rochell wine to be sold for twentie shillings the tun, and not aboue.
1200 (14 events)
King John 4 · 📍 [[Vernon and Lisle Dandelie]] · vpon the Ascension day in this second yeare of his reigne
King John Louis VIII Blanche of Castile Philip II of France
Finallie vpon the Ascension day in this second yeare of his reigne, they came eftsoones to a communication betwixt the townes of Vernon and Lisle Dandelie, where finallie they concluded an agréement, with a marriage to be had betwixt Lewes the sonne of king Philip, and the ladie Blanch, daughter to Alfonso king of Castile the 8 of that name, & néece to K. John by his sister Elianor.
King John 4
The French king restored also to king John (as Rafe Niger writeth) the citie of Tours, and all the castels and fortresses which he had taken within Touraine: and moreouer, receiued of king John his homage for all the lands, fées and tenements which at anie time his brother king Richard, or his father king Henrie had holden of him, the said king Lewes or any his predecessors, the quit claims and marriages alwaies excepted.
King John 4 · 📍 [[Normandie]]
King John Isabella of Gloucester
At length also, when he had got togither a great masse of monie, he went ouer againe into Normandie, where by Helias archbishop of Burdeaux, and the bishop of Poictiers and Scone, he was diuorsed from his wife Isabell, that was the daughter of Robert earle of Glocester, bicause of the néerenesse of bloud, as touching hir in the third degrée.
King John 4 · After that
King John Isabella of Angoulême
After that, he married Isabell the daughter of Amerie earle of Angolesme, by whome he had two sonnes, Henrie and Richard, and thrée daughters, Isabell, Elianor, and Jane.
King John 4 · 📍 [[Yorkeshire]] · about this time
King John Geoffrey Plantagenet, Archbishop of York
Moreouer, about this time, Geffrey archbishop of Yorke was depriued of all his manours, lands, and possessions, by the kings commandement, directed to the shiriffe of Yorkeshire for diuerse causes, for that he would not permit the same shiriffe to leuie the dutie called Charugage
King John 4 · 📍 [[néere the towne of Vernon]] · About the same time
About the same time, king John and Philip king of France met togither néere the towne of Vernon, where Arthur duke of Britaine (as vassall to his vncle king John) did his homage vnto him for the duchie of Britaine, & those other places which he held of him on this side and beyond the riuer of Loir
King John 4 · 📍 [[England]] · on the sundaie before the feast of S. Denise, the eight of October
King John Isabella of Angoulême
These things being thus performed, king John returned into England, and there caused his new married wife Isabell to be crowned on the sundaie before the feast of S. Denise, the eight of October.
King John 5 · At the same time
At the same time he gaue commandement vnto Hugh Neuill high iustice of his forrests, that he should award his precepts vnto all forresters within the realme, to giue warning to all the white moonks, that before the quindene of S. Michaell they should remooue out of his forrests all their horsses of Haraz, and other cattell, vnder the penaltie to forfeit so manie of them, as after that day chanced to be found within the same forrests.
King John 5 · 📍 [[Lincolne]] · Immediatlie after the solemnization of the quéens coronation ended
King John Philip of Durham Roger Bigot, Earl of Norfolk Henry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon Roger de Lacy William de Vesci Robert de Ros Robert Fitz Roger William I of Scotland
Immediatlie after the solemnization of the quéens coronation ended, he sent Philip bishop of Duresme, Roger Bigot earle of Northfolke, and Henrie de Bohun earle of Hereford, nephue to William king of Scotland, and Dauid earle of Huntington, brother to the said king, and Roger de Lacie conestable of Chester, the lord William de Vescie, and the lord Robert de Ros, which had married two of the daughters of the said king, & Robert Fitz Roger shiriffe of Northumberland, as ambassadours from him vnto the foresaid William king of Scotland, with letters patents, conteining a safe conduct for him to come into England, and to méet with king John at Lincolne on the morrow after the feast of S. Edmund, who gladlie granted therevnto
King John 5 · On the same day
William I of Scotland King John
On the same day, vpon a hill without the citie, the king of Scots did homage vnto king John, in the presence and sight of a great multitude of people, swearing fealtie of life, limme, and worldlie honour vnto king John, which oth he made vpon the crosse of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie.
King John 5 · 📍 [[Lincolne]]
King Henrie the second mooued with the fame of his vertue and godlie life, sent the bishop of Bath to bring him into England, and after he was come, made him first abbat of Whithing in the diocesse of Welles, and after created him bishop of Lincolne.
King John 5 · 📍 [[London]] · latelie before
the corps of Hugh bishop of that citie (latelie before, departed this life at London, after his returne from the parts of beyond the seas) was brought thither to be buried
King John 5 · after his decesse
He was after his decesse, for the opinion which men conceiued of his holinesse and vertues, admitted into the number of the saints.
King John 5 · 📍 [[Lincolne]] · the sundaie after that the king of Scots had doone his homage
King John Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
for he pardoned them of all his passed displeasure, receiued them againe into his fauour, tooke them into his protection, and commanded that all iniuries, gréeuances and molestations should be reformed, redressed and amended, which in respect of his indignation had béene offered and doone to them by any manner of meanes.
1202 (19 events)
King John 6 · before that king John was motioned vnto hir
Isabella of Angoulême Hugh le Brun, Earl of March
Herevpon Hugh le Brun earle of March (vnto whome quéene Isabell the wife of king John had béene promised in marriage, before that king John was motioned vnto hir, and therefore bare an inward displeasure towards the king of England, for that he had so bereft him of his promised spouse)
King John 6 · 📍 [[Paris]] · at this time
Morouer, the league at this time was renewed betwixt them, and put in writing, with this caution, that whether of them first brake the couenants; such lords on his part as were become suerties for performance, should be released of their allegiance which they owght to him that so should breake, & that they might therevpon fréelie become subiects to the other prince.
King John 6
Walter de Lacy John de Courcy, Lord of Ulster Hugh de Lacy
Walter Lacie vnder pretense of a communication that was appointed betwixt him and John de Curcie, lord of Vlnester, meant to haue taken the said Curcie, and for the accomplishment of his purpose set vpon him, slue manie of his men, and for his safegard constreined Curcie in the end to take a castell which belonged vnto Hugh Lacie, vpon faire promises made to him by the same Hugh, to be preserued out of all danger, it came to passe, that when he was once got in, he might no more be suffered to depart.
King John 6 · in the end
John de Courcy, Lord of Ulster Walter de Lacy Hugh de Lacy
the seruants and fréends of the said Curcie made such cruell war, in wasting and destroieng the lands and possessions that belonged vnto the said Walter and Hugh Lacies, that finallie they were constreined to set him againe at libertie whether they would or no.
King John 6 · This yeare
Margaret mother of Constance, duches of Britaine, sister to William king of Scots, and mother to Henrie Bohun earle of Hereford, deceassed.
King John 6 · in the Lent following
wherevpon the French king immediatlie after, began war against him, and tooke Buteuant, Augi, and the castell of Linos.
King John 6 · 📍 [[Poictou]] · then
Philip II of France Arthur of Brittany
then returning to Paris, he appointed certeine persons to haue the gouernement of the foresaid Arthur duke of Britaine, and then sent him foorth with 200 men of armes into Poictou, that he might bring the countrie also vnder his subiection.
King John 6 · 📍 [[Touraine]] · Herevpon
Hugh le Brun, Earl of March Arthur of Brittany King John Philip II of France
ioined himselfe with Arthur duke of Britaine, and found meanes to cause them of Poictou (a people euer subiect to rebellion) to reuolt from king John, and to take armour against him, so that the yoong Arthur being incouraged with this new supplie of associats, first went into Touraine, and after into Aniou, compelling both those countries to submit themselues vnto him, and proclaimed himselfe earle of those places, by commission and grant obteined from king Philip.
King John 7 · 📍 [[Mirabeau]] · shortlie after
Arthur of Brittany King John Eleanor of Aquitaine
Arthur following the victorie, shortlie after followed hir, and woone Mirabeau, where he tooke his grandmother within the same, whom he yet intreated verie honorablie, and with great reuerence (as some haue reported.) ¶ But other write far more trulie, that she was not taken, but escaped into a tower, within the which she was straitlie besieged.
King John 7 · 📍 [[Mirabeau]] · on Lammas daie
King John Arthur of Brittany Hugh le Brun, Earl of March Andrew de Chauenie Raimond de Touars Savary de Mauléon Hugh Bangi
and there we tooke our nephue Arthur, Hugh le Brun, Andrew de Chauenie, the vicount of Chateau Erald, Raimond de Touars, Sauerie de Mauleon, and Hugh Bangi, and all other enimies of Poictou that were there assembled against vs, to the number of two hundred knights and aboue, so that not one of them escaped.
King John 7 · 📍 [[Falais]] · after the battle
Arthur with the residue of the armie that escaped with life from the first bickering was taken, who being herevpon committed to prison, first at Falais, and after within the citie of Rouen, liued not long after as you shall heare.
King John 7 · 📍 [[Canturburie]] · on the fourtéenth day of Aprill
King John Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
Shortlie after king John comming ouer into England, caused himselfe to be crowned againe at Canturburie by the hands of Hubert the archbishop there, on the fourtéenth day of Aprill
King John 7 · Shortlie after
William de Riches Robert, Earl of Alençon William de Fulgiers King John
they banded themselues togither, and ioining in confederacie with Robert earle of Alanson, the vicount Beaumont, William de Fulgiers, and other, they began to leuie sharpe wars against king John in diuerse places
King John 7 · 📍 [[Falais]]
King John Arthur of Brittany Hubert de Burgh
But through such resistance as he made against one of the tormentors that came to execute the kings commandement (for the other rather forsooke their prince and countrie, than they would consent to obeie the kings authoritie héerein) and such lamentable words as he vttered, Hubert de Burgh did preserue him from that iniurie
King John 7 · For the space of fiftéene daies
Howbeit to satisfie his mind for the time, and to staie the rage of the Britains, he caused it to be bruted abroad through the countrie, that the kings commandement was fulfilled, and that Arthur also through sorrow and gréefe was departed out of this life.
King John 8 · 📍 [[Rouen]] · in the yeare next insuing
in the yeare next insuing, he was remooued from Falais vnto the castell or tower of Rouen, out of the which there was not any that would confesse that euer he saw him go aliue.
King John 8
King John Hugh le Brun, Earl of March Savary de Mauléon
Yet how extreamelie soeuer he delt with his nephue, he released and set at libertie diuerse of those lords that were taken prisoners with him, namelie Hugh le Brun, and Sauerie de Mauleon, the one to his great trouble and hinderance, and the other to his gaine:
King John 8
Guy of Thouars Constance, Duchess of Brittany
The Lord Guie, sonne to the vicount of Touars, who had taken Arthurs mother Constance to wife, after the diuorse made betwixt hir and the earle of Chester, in right of hir obteined the dukedome of Britaine.
King John 8 · 📍 [[France]]
And bicause king John appeared not, he was therefore condemned in the action, and adiudged to forfeit all that he held within the precinct of France, aswell Normandie as all his other lands and dominions.
1203 (6 events)
King John 8 · 📍 [[Normandie]] · In this meane time
In this meane time the French king, to bring his purpose to full effect, entred into Normandie, wasted the countries, and wan the townes of Cowches, le Val de Rueil, and Lisle Dandele.
King John 8 · 📍 [[Le Val de Rueil]]
Robert FitzWalter Saer de Quincy, Earl of Winchester
Le Val de Rueil wis giuen ouer without any great inforcement of assault, by two noble men that had charge thereof, the one named Robert Fitz Walter, and the other Saer de Quincie.
King John 8 · 📍 [[Lisle Dandele]] · at length
Roger de Lacy Philip II of France
But at length they within were so constreined by famine and long siege, that the said Lacie and others perceiuing it to be more honourable for them to die by the sword, than to starue through want of food, brake out vpon their enimies, and slue a great sort of the Frenchmen, but yet in the end they were taken prisoners, and so these fortresses came into the French kings hands.
King John 8 · 📍 [[Radpont]] · within ten daies
But king Philip appealing from them, pursued the warre, and besieged the towne of Radpont. The souldiers within the towne defended the first assault verie manfullie, and caused the Frenchmen to retire backe: but king Philip meaning to haue the towne yer he departed, did so inclose it about, that within ten daies he wan it, and tooke there twentie men of armes, an hundred demilances, and twentie arcubalisters.
King John 9 · 📍 [[castell Galiard]]
Hugh de Gourney Philip II of France
yet at length by streict siege and neare approches hardlie made, the fortresse was deliuered into the French kings hands.
King John 9 · 📍 [[castell of Mountfort]] · not verie long before
Hugh de Gourney King John Philip II of France
And in the end the said Hugh Gourney reuolted from his obedience, deliuering also the castell of Mountfort vnto the French king, which castell with the honor thereto apperteining king John had giuen to the same Hugh, not verie long before.
1204 (10 events)
King John 9 · 📍 [[Oxenford]] · the second of Januarie 1204
This subsid ie was granted him in a parlement holden at Oxenford, and begun there vpon the second of Januarie 1204, wherein of euerie knights fée was granted the summe of two markes and an halfe.
King John 9 · about the beginning of this sixt yeare of his reigne
King John Philip II of France Arthur of Brittany
he would not ceasse to pursue the warre against king John, till he had depriued him of his whole kingdome. So the ambassadors departed without all hope to come to any agréement.
King John 9 · 📍 [[Normandie]]
With this swiftnesse of spéed, he brought also such a feare into the hearts of most men, that he wan all the countrie of Normandie euen to Mount S. Michaell.
King John 9 · 📍 [[Rouen]]
and so in the end being vanquished with hunger, they submitted themselues to the French king.
King John 9 · 📍 [[Poictou, Touraine, and Aniou]] · in this yeare 1204
Moreouer the townes in Poictou, Touraine, and Aniou, which king John had recouered latelie before, did now againe (being in no small feare) yéeld themselues vnto king Philip:
King John 9 · About this time
Eleanor of Aquitaine King John
About this time quéene Elianor the mother of king John departed this life, consumed rather through sorow and anguish of mind, than of any other naturall infirmitie.
King John 10 · all this while
Robert de Turnham Savary de Mauléon Gerard de Athie William de Roches Hugh le Brun, Earl of March
The war was mightilie mainteined all this while betwixt them of Poictou and Aquitaine, and manie sharpe incounters chanced betwixt the parties, of which the one following the king of Englands lieutenant Robert de Turneham, valiantlie resisted the other that held with the French king vnder the conduct of William de Roches, & Hugh le Brun earle of March, chiefe leaders of that faction.
King John 10
The Gascoignes also tooke part with king John, and continued in dutifull obedience towards him, for the which their loialtie he was readie to consider them with princelie gifts and beneficiall rewards, in such bountifull wise, that he gaue vnto a Noble man of that countrie named Moreue, the summe of 28 thousand marks, to leuie & wage thirtie thousand men to aid him at his comming ouer into those parties.
King John 10 · 📍 [[England]]
King Philip also vndertooke to follow them within a moneth after they should be entred into England, & thus did the French king séeke to make him strong with fréends, which dailie fell from king John on ech hand.
King John 10 · This yere
¶ Godfrey bishop of Winchester, that was son to the lord Richard de Lucie departed this life.
1205 (10 events)
King John 10 · 📍 [[Northampton]] · This yeare about the feast of Pentecost
This yeare about the feast of Pentecost, the king (by the aduice of his councell assembled at Northampton) prepared a nauie of ships, mustered souldiers, and shewed great tokens that he would renew the war, and séeke to be reuenged of his enimie the French king.
King John 10 · 📍 [[Porchester]] · as the king was readie to enter on shipboord
King John Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke
But as the king was readie to enter on shipboord, Hubert archbishop of Canturburie, and William Marshall earle of Penbroke came to him, and with manie great reasons went about to persuade him to staie his iournie.
King John 10 · 📍 [[Portesmouth]] · on the fiftéenth of Julie
at Portesmouth entring the sea with his ships, on the fiftéenth of Julie he sailed to the Ile of Wight, and wafted vp and downe for the space of two daies togither, till by aduice of his fréends he was persuaded not to aduenture to passe ouer, sith his armie was dismissed and gone home, and so he returned backe to the shore againe
King John 11 · 📍 [[Tenham]] · The thirtéenth of Julie
Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
The thirtéenth of Julie Hubert archbishop of Canturburie departed this life at Tenham
King John 11 · 📍 [[Canturburie]] · After his deceasse
Reignold (subprior of Canterbury)
After his deceasse, the moonks of Canturburie without knowledge of the king, chose one Reignold the subprior of their house to be their archbishop
King John 11 · 📍 [[Canturburie]] · the yeare following
The king gladlie herevnto assented, requiring them to grant their voices vnto John Gray the bishop of Norwich, being both his chapleine and president of his councell. The moonks to gratifie the king obeied his request, and so electing the same bishop of Norwich
King John 11 · 📍 [[Rome]] · whilest these procurators were thus occupied in Rome
Pope Innocent III Reignold (subprior of Canterbury) John de Gray
these and other like things procured the pope to reiect both the elections, and of his owne authoritie to nominate the third person
King John 11 · 📍 [[Loches]]
Philip II of France Gerard de Athie
Philip the French king minding to conquer all that which king John yet held within France, assembled an armie, and comming before the towne of Loches, wan it, and tooke Gerard de Atie prisoner
King John 11 · 📍 [[Loches]] · The same time also
Philip II of France Robert de Turnham
The same time also was Robert de Turnham taken prisoner, who with great manhood had all this while repressed and chastised the rebellious Poictouins.
King John 11 · 📍 [[Chinon]] · After this
Philip II of France Hubert de Burgh
A great number of Englishmen were taken, and amongst other their capteine the foresaid Hubert de Burgh.
1206 (6 events)
King John 11 · 📍 [[Angiers]]
Which enterprise with fire and sword he so manfullie executed, that the gates being in a moment broken open, the citie was entred and deliuered to the souldiers for a preie. So that of the citizens some were taken, some killed, and the wals of the citie beaten flat to the ground.
King John 12
Philip II of France Savary de Mauléon Aimery de Lusignan
But being now ouerset with the kings puissance, they were taken, and all their companie stripped out of their armour, to their great confusion.
King John 12 · for the terme of two yeares
that a truce was taken betwixt them for the terme of two yeares, the prisoners on either side being released by waie of exchange
King John 12 · about Candlemasse
Moreouer, in this yeare about Candlemasse, the K. caused the 13 part of euerie mans goods, as well of the spiritualtie, as of the temporaltie, to be leuied and gathered to his vse
King John 12 · 📍 [[Yorke]] · about Candlemasse
Geoffrey Plantagenet, Archbishop of York King John
except onelie Geffrey the archbishop of Yorke, who therevpon departing secretlie out of the realme, accursed all those that laid any hands to the collection of that paiment, within his archbishoprike of Yorke.
1207 (6 events)
King John 12 · 📍 [[Canturburie]] · foorthwith
caused foorthwith all the goods of the moonks of Canturburie to be confiscate to his vse, and after banished them the relme
King John 12 · 📍 [[Canturburie]]
he would neuer consent that Stephan which had béene brought vp & alwaies conuersant with his enimies the Frenchmen, should now enioy the rule of the bishoprike and dioces of Canturburie.
King John 13
Roger Winchester Edmund Hardell King John
By which means, and through fréendship which they had in the court, the king was so satisfied, that he released them from prison, and pardoned their offenses.
King John 13 · 📍 [[Winchester]] · vpon the first of October
Henry III King John Isabella of Angoulême
Also vpon the first of October, Henrie the sonne of king John, begotten of his wife quéene Isabell, was borne at Winchester, who after succéeded his father in the kingdome.
King John 13 · 📍 [[London]] · vpon the euen of the Annuntiation of our Ladie
King John William, Bishop of London Eustace, Bishop of Ely Mauger, Bishop of Worcester Joceline, Bishop of Bath Giles, Bishop of Hereford
Herevpon the said bishops departed, and according to the popes commission to them sent, vpon the euen of the Annuntiation of our Ladie, denounced both the king and the realme of England accursed, and furthermore caused the doores of churches to be closed vp, and all other places where diuine seruice was accustomed to be vsed, first at London, and after in all other places where they came.
King John 13
William, Bishop of London Eustace, Bishop of Ely Mauger, Bishop of Worcester Joceline, Bishop of Bath Giles, Bishop of Hereford Stephen Langton
Then perceiuing that the K. ment not to stoope for all this which they had doone, but rather sought to be reuenged vpon them, they fled the realme, and got them ouer vnto Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie, to wit, William bishop of London, Eustace bishop of Elie, Malger bishop of Worcester, Joceline bishop of Bath, and Giles bishop of Hereford.
1208 (6 events)
King John 13
King John William, Bishop of London Eustace, Bishop of Ely Mauger, Bishop of Worcester Joceline, Bishop of Bath Giles, Bishop of Hereford
The king taking this matter in verie great displeasure, seized vpon all their temporalties, and conuerted the same to his vse, and persecuted such other of the prelacie as he knew to fauour their dooings, banishing them the realme, and seizing their goods also into his hands.
King John 13
The king also doubting least the pope should procéed further, and absolue all his subiects of their allegiance which they owght to him, and that his lords would happilie reuolt and forsake him in this his trouble, tooke hostages of them whom he most suspected.
King John 13 · 📍 [[Ireland]]
These words being signified vnto the king, set him in such an heat against hir husband (though he rebuked hir sharpelie for the same) that the said lord was glad togither with his wife and children to flée out of the realme into Ireland for safegard of their liues.
King John 14 · 📍 [[London]]
the citizens of London made such suit vnto the king, that he granted vnto them by his letters patents, licence to choose to themselues a maior, and two shiriffes euerie yeare.
King John 14 · 📍 [[London]] · the said tenth yeare of king John his reigne
Henry Fitz Ailwin Peter Duke Thomas Nele
they chose for their maior Henrie Fitz Alwin, who was sworne and charged at that present maior of that citie, vpon the day of saint Michaell the archangell, in the said tenth yeare of king John his reigne. On the same day and yeare, were Peter Duke & Thomas Nele sworne for shiriffes.
1209 (6 events)
King John 14 · 📍 [[Norham]] · about the 24 of June
King John Alexander II of Scotland
comming to the castell of Norham, prepared to inuade the Scots. But king Alexander wanting power to giue him battell, sought to come vnto some fréendlie agréement with him, and so by counsell of his lords, casting off his armour, he came to the king, and for a great summe of gold (or 11 thousand marks of siluer as some write) with much adoo he purchased peace, deliuering two of his daughters in hostage for more assurance of his dealing.
King John 14 · 📍 [[Woodstoke]] · in this season
the Welshmen (which thing had not béene séene afore time) came vnto Woodstoke, and there did homage vnto the king
King John 15 · 📍 [[Rome]] · The same yeare
and there receiued his consecration of Stephan archbishop of Canturburie.
King John 15 · Now
Now when the king vnderstood this matter, and saw the dulnesse of the bishop, he was in a wonderfull chafe toward him, and thervpon made port-sale of all his goods, and receiued the profit of the reuenues belonging to the sée of Lincolne for his own vse.
King John 15 · at length
but at length, when his manners were notified to the pope, he tooke such order for him, that he was despoiled of all his goods and benefices
1210 (6 events)
King John 15 · 📍 [[Ireland]] · the twentie fiue of Maie
arriued there the twentie fiue of Maie, and brought the people in such feare immediatlie vpon his arriuall, that all those that inhabited vpon the sea coasts in the champaine countries, came in, and yéelded themselues, receiuing an oth to be true and faithfull vnto him.
King John 15 · 📍 [[Ireland]] · at the same time
The king at the same time ordeined also, that the English lawes should be vsed in that land, and appointed shiriffes and other officers to haue the order of the countrie, to rule the same according to the English ordinances.
King John 15 · 📍 [[Windsor]] · within eleuen daies
Touching the death of the said ladie, he saith, that within eleuen daies after she was committed to prison héere in England, she was found dead, sitting betwixt hir sonnes legs, who likewise being dead, sate directlie vp against a wall of the chamber, wherein they were kept with hard pitance (as writers doo report.)
King John 15 · 📍 [[Ireland]] · Thus the more part of the Irish people being brought vnder
he appointed John Gray the bishop of Norwich, to be his deputie there, remoouing out of that office Hugh Lacie, which bare great rule in that quarter before.
King John 16 · 📍 [[S. Brides]]
All which were constreined to paie such a gréeuous tax, that the whole amounted to the summe of an hundred thousand pounds.
1211 (8 events)
King John 16 · 📍 [[Snowdon]] · In the summer following, about the 18 day of Julie
he came into Snowdon, beating downe all that came in his way, so that he subdued all the rulers and princes, without contradiction. And to be the better assured for their subiection in time following, he tooke pledges of them, to the number of 28
King John 16 · 📍 [[Northampton]] · In the same yeare also
but at length, when they perceiued that they could not haue their purpose, neither for restitution of the goods belonging to préests which he had seized vpon, neither of those that apperteined to certeine other persons, which the king had gotten also into his hands, by meanes of the controuersie betwixt him and the pope the legats departed, leauing him accursed, and the land interdicted, as they found it at their comming.
King John 16 · in the first yeare of the said king's reigne
King John Reginald de Dammartin, Earl of Boulogne
The chéefest cause of the French kings displeasure towards this earle, may séeme to procéed of the amitie and league which was concluded betwixt king John, and the said earle, in the first yeare of the said king's reigne
King John 16 · 📍 [[England]] · After that the earle of Bullongne was expelled out of France
Reginald de Dammartin, Earl of Boulogne King John
he came ouer to king John, and was of him ioifullie receiued, hauing thrée hundred pounds of reuenues in land to him assigned within England, for the which he did homage and fealtie vnto him.
King John 16 · 📍 [[Corbell]] · Shortlie after this also
Shortlie after this also, died William de Breuse the elder, which fled from the face of king John out of Ireland into France, and departing this life at Corbell, was buried at Paris in the abbeie of S. Victor.
King John 16 · In the meane time
determined with the consent of his cardinals and other councellours, and also at the instant suit of the English bishops and other prelats being there with him, to depriue king John of his kinglie state, and so first absolued all his subiects and vassals of their oths of allegiance made vnto the same king, and after depriued him by solemne protestation of his kinglie administration and dignitie
King John 17 · 📍 [[London]] · in the Lent following, on midlent sundaie
King John Alexander II of Scotland
in the Lent following, on midlent sundaie being at London, he honoured the lord Alexander sonne and heire to the king of Scots, with the high order of knighthood.
King John 17 · 📍 [[Scotland]]
took Guthred Macwilliam capteine of them that moued sedition, whom king John caused to be hanged on a paire of gallowes.
1212 (5 events)
King John 17 · 📍 [[Notingham]]
comming to Notingham, he hanged vp the Welsh hostages which the last yeare he had receiued, to the number of eight and twentie yoong striplings.
King John 17
some he discharged of their offices, other he depriued of their capteineships and other roomes, & reuoked certeine priuileges & immunities granted to moonks, préests, & men of religion.
King John 17 · 📍 [[London]]
The king iudging no lesse, but that the tenor of the letters conteined a truth, brake vp his armie and returned to London.
King John 17 · 📍 [[Scotland]]
But Eustace de Vescie, Robert Fitz Walter, and Stephan Ridell, being accused and suspected of the K. for the said treason, were glad to flée the realme, Vescie departing into Scotland, and the other two into France.
King John 17 · 📍 [[France]]
Robert FitzWalter Stephen Ridell
But Eustace de Vescie, Robert Fitz Walter, and Stephan Ridell, being accused and suspected of the K. for the said treason, were glad to flée the realme, Vescie departing into Scotland, and the other two into France.
1213 (35 events)
King John 14 · in the yeare 1213, and fiftéenth of king Johns reigne
till he departed this life, which chanced in the yeare 1213, and fiftéenth of king Johns reigne
King John 14 · In the vigil of the Epiphanie
In the vigil of the Epiphanie also, the kings second sonne was borne, and named Richard after his vncles name.
King John 14 · the same yeare
Moreouer in the same yeare, Walter Gray was made lord chancellour
King John 17 · 📍 [[Douer]]
The king vnderstanding the meaning of the messengers sent them backe againe to bring ouer the legat, who incontinentlie came ouer to Douer, of whose arriuall when the king was aduertised, he went thither, and receiued him with all due honour and reuerence.
King John 18
At length, oppressed with the burthen of the imminent danger and ruine, against his will, and verie loth so to haue doone, he promised vpon his oth to stand to the popes order and decrée.
King John 18 · shortlie after
Wherefore shortlie after (in like manner as pope Innocent had commanded) he tooke the crowne from his owne head, and deliuered the same to Pandulph the legat, neither he, nor his heires at anie time thereafter to receiue the same, but at the popes hands.
King John 18
Vpon this, he promised to receiue Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie into his fauour, with all other the bishops and banished men, making vnto them sufficient amends for all iniuries to them doone, and so to pardon them, that they should not run into any danger, for that they had rebelled against him.
King John 18
conferimus, & liberè concedimus Deo & sanctis apostolis eius Petro & Paulo, & sanctæ Romanæ ecclesiæ matri nostræ, ac domino papæ Innocentio, eiúsq; catholicis successoribus, totum regnum Angliæ, & totum regnum Hyberniæ, cùm omni iure & pertinentijs suis,
King John 18 · 📍 [[Rome]]
King John Pandulph Pope Innocent III
This déed and instrument being written and ingrossed, the king deliuered it vnto Pandulph, to take with him to Rome, there to make deliuerie thereof to pope Innocent, and herewith did homage to the same pope, in forme as followeth.
King John 19 · 📍 [[Doueram]] · in the yeare 1213
Iohn by the grace of God king of England, and lord of Ireland, from this houre forward, shall be faithfull to God, and to saint Peter, and to the church of Rome, and to my lord pope Innocentius, and to his successours lawfully entring.
King John 19
Pandulph hauing thus reconciled king John, thought not good to release the excommunication, till the king had performed all things which he had promised, and so with all spéed hauing receiued eight thousand markes sterling in part of restitution to be made to the archbishop, and the other banished men, he sailed backe into France
King John 19 · 📍 [[Flanders]]
Philip II of France Ferdinando, Earl of Flanders
Therfore, leauing the enterprise which he ment to haue made against England, he turned his power against the earle of Flanders
King John 19 · 📍 [[Flanders]]
King John William, Duke of Holland William Longespée, Earl of Salisbury Reignold, Earl of Boulogne
that same nauie (which as before is recited) he had put in a readinesse, conteining the number of fiue hundred saile, he sent streight into Flanders with a strong armie, both of horssemen and footmen, vnder the guiding of William duke of Holland, William Longspée earle of Salisburie base brother to king John, and Reignold earle of Bullongne.
King John 19 · 📍 [[Dam]]
William, Duke of Holland William Longespée, Earl of Salisbury Reignold, Earl of Boulogne
till that finallie the Frenchmen were not able to susteine the force of the Englishmen, but were constreined (after long fight and great slaughter) to yéeld themselues prisoners.
King John 20 · 📍 [[Dam]] · Whitsun éeuen
Philip II of France Ferdinand, Count of Flanders
the French king being come awaie from Gaunt, suddenlie set vpon them, and though in the beginning he found sharpe resistance, yet in the end, the Englishmen and Flemings ouerset with the great multitude of the Frenchmen, were put to flight
King John 20 · 📍 [[Dam]]
caused the towne of Dam, and his ships lieng there in the hauen to be burned
King John 20 · 📍 [[Lisle and Doway]]
Louis VIII Philip II of France
he returned into France, leauing his sonne Lewes and the earle of S. Paule in garrison at Lisle and Doway
King John 20 · about the first of Januarie last past
This Peter about the first of Januarie last past, had told the king, that at the feast of the Ascension it should come to passe, that he should be cast out of his kingdome
King John 20 · 📍 [[Warham]] · when the day by him prefixed came
he was by the kings commandement drawne from the said castell, vnto the towne of Warham, & there hanged, togither with his sonne
King John 20 · the day before the Ascension day
king John had resigned the superioritie of his kingdome (as they tooke the matter) vnto the pope, and had doone to him homage
King John 20 · 📍 [[Winchester]] · This was in the yeare after the birth of our Sauiour 1213
at his first méeting with the archbishop of Canturburie, he knéeled downe at his féet, and besought him of forgiuenesse
King John 21
King John Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
King John required of the archbishop (hauing as then the popes power in his hands, bicause he was his legat,) to be absolued, promising vpon his solemne receiued oth, that he would (afore all things) defend the church and the order of priesthood from receiuing anie wrongs. Also, that he would restore the old lawes made by the ancient kings of England, and namelie those of S. Edward, which were almost extinguished and forgotten. And further, that he would make recompense to all men whom he had by anie meanes indamaged. This doone, he was absolued by the archbishop
King John 21 · 📍 [[S. Albons]]
where the kings peace being proclaimed to all men it was on his behalfe streitlie commanded, that the lawes of K. Henrie his grandfather should be obserued vniuersallie within his realme, and that all vniust lawes and ordinances should be abrogated.
King John 21 · 📍 [[Notingham]]
King John Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury
but yet in his furious rage he went forward till he came to Notingham, and there with much adoo, the archbishop following him with threatning to excommunicate all those that should aid him, procured him to leaue off his enterprise.
King John 21 · Vpon the second of October
Geoffrey FitzPeter, Earl of Essex
Vpon the second of October, Geffrey Fitz Peter earle of Essex and lord chéefe iustice of England departed this life
King John 21 · 📍 [[Westminster]] · about the feast of saint Michaell
Nicholas, Cardinal of Tusculum William, Abbot of Westminster
This legat at his comming to Westminster, deposed the abbat of that place, named William from his roome, for that he was accused both of wasting the reuenues of the house, and also of notable incontinencie.
King John 21 · 📍 [[Oxford]]
Nicholas, Cardinal of Tusculum
To be short, they were absolued and penance inioined them, that they should strip them out of their apparell at euerie church in the towne, and going barefooted with scourges in their hands, they should require the benefit of absolution of euerie parish préest within their towne, saieng the psalme of Miserere.
King John 21
King John Nicholas, Cardinal of Tusculum
yet he caused king John to restore the most part of all those goods that remained vnspent, and also the value of halfe of those that were consumed and made awaie, vnto those persons as well spirituall as temporall, from whom they had béene taken in time of the discord betwixt him and the pope.
King John 21
King John Nicholas, Cardinal of Tusculum
the cardinall leaned so to the kings side (hauing receiued of him to the popes vse the charter of subiection of the realmes of England and Ireland, now bulled with gold, where at the first it was deliuered to Pandulph sealed onelie with wax.)
King John 22 · 📍 [[Yorke]] · About the same time also
About the same time also, Walter Gray bishop of Worcester was remooued to the gouernement of the sée of Yorke
King John 22 · at his going ouer
King John William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke
but at his going ouer he committed the whole ordering of this matter vnto the legat, and to William Marshall the earle of Penbroke.
King John 22 · 📍 [[Portsmouth]] · on Candlemas day
King John Eleanor of Brittany Richard of Cornwall
tooke sea at Portsmouth on Candlemas day, with his wife, his sonne Richard, & Elianor the sister of Arthur duke of Britaine.
1214 (4 events)
King John 22 · 📍 [[Nouant]] · within thrée daies after that the siege was laid
King John Geoffrey de Lusignan
but within thrée daies after that the siege was laid, the earle of Marsh came to king John, and did so much preuaile, that through his means, both Geffrey and his two sonnes were receiued to mercie, and king John put in possession of the castell.
King John 22 · 📍 [[Parthenay]] · The same time also
King John Geoffrey de Lusignan
and both they togither with the said Geffrey de Lucignam, did homage to our king, and so became his liege men.
King John 22 · The same time also
The same time also, the ladie Jane the kings daughter was affianced to the said earle of Marsh his sonne
King John 22 · 📍 [[S. Paule at London]] · vpon the 29 of June, in the yeare 1214
King John Nicholas, Cardinal of Tusculum Pope Innocent III
so that after the assurance so taken for paiment of the od 13 thousand marks behind, residue of the 40 thousand marks, the interdiction was taken vtterlie awaie, and the land solemnelie released by the legat, sitting within the cathedrall church of S. Paule at London, vpon the 29 of June, in the yeare 1214
1215 (52 events)
Chapters 23–28
King John 23 · 📍 [[Britaine]] · shortlie after
At the first there was a verie sharp incounter, but at length the Britains being vanquished and put to flight, a great number of them were taken prisoners, and amongst other their capteins, the foresaid Peter was one, whom king John sent awaie with all the rest vnto Angiers, to be kept in safegard vntill he should returne.
King John 23 · after king John was thus retired
Lewes (after king John was thus retired) brought the Poictouins againe to subiection, and put the chief authours of the rebellion to death.
King John 23 · 📍 [[the bridge of Bouins]] · on the 28 day of Julie
his father king Philip with like successe, but in a foughten field, vanquished the emperour Otho at the bridge of Bouins on the 28 day of Julie
King John 23 · to begin at Easter in the yeare of our Lord, 1215
he thought good to agrée with king Philip for this present, by way of taking some truce, which by mediation of ambassadours riding to and fro betwixt them, was at length accorded to endure for fiue yeares, and to begin at Easter in the yeare of our Lord, 1215.
King John 23 · 📍 [[the citie of London]]
There was brought foorth and also read an ancient charter made sometime by Henrie the first (which charter Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie had deliuered vnto them before in the citie of London)
King John 23 · 📍 [[the abbeie of Burie]]
The Nobles supposing that longer delaie therein was not to be suffered, assembled themselues togither at the abbeie of Burie
King John 23 · 📍 [[the church of S. Edmund]]
they receiued a solemne oth vpon the alter there, that if the king would not grant to the same liberties, with others which he of his owne accord had promised to confirme to them, they would from thencefoorth make warre vpon him
King John 23 · 📍 [[London]] · as soone as the feast of Christmasse was past
who was as then at Worcester, and being aduertised of this conspiracie, as soone as the feast of Christmasse was past, he went streight to London
King John 24
Eleanor of England, Countess of Leicester William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke
with William Marshall earle of Penbroke (vnto whom he had giuen his daughter Elianor in marriage)
King John 24
The king soon after also, to assure himselfe the more effectuallie of the allegiance of his people in time to come caused euerie man to renew his homage, and to take a new oth to be faithfull to him against all other persons.
King John 24 · on Candlemasse day next insuing
on Candlemasse day next insuing, he tooke vpon him the crosse to go into the holie land
King John 24
The barons which vnderstood the kings diligence herein, and coniecturing thereof his whole intent, made readie also their power, appointing for their generall one Robert Fitz Walter, a man both excellent in counsell, and valiant in warre.
King John 24
Finallie, he affirmed with an oth, "that he would neuer grant anie such liberties, whereby he should become a slaue."
King John 24 · 📍 [[Stamford]] · in the Easter wéeke
Whereof when the barons had knowledge, they gat them strait vnto armour, making their assemblie at Stamford in the Easter wéeke, whither they had drawne vnto them almost the whole Nobilitie, and gathered an excéeding great armie.
King John 24
signifieng that if the king would not confirme the same, they would not cease to make him warre, till he should satisfie their requests in that behalfe.
King John 24 · 📍 [[Bedford]]
William de Beauchamp Robert FitzWalter
in which Sir William Beauchampe was capteine, who being secretlie confederate with them deliuered the place incontinentlie into their hands.
King John 25 · 📍 [[London]] · The next day
The next day they made open rebellion, tooke such as they knew fauoured the king, brake into the houses of the Jewes, & spoiled them.
King John 25 · 📍 [[London]] · vpon receipt of the barons letters
King John William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke Ranulf, Earl of Chester Nicholas, Earl of Salisbury William de Warenne, Earl of Surrey William de Forz, Earl of Albemarle William de Albini Robert de Vieuxpont Peter FitzHerbert Brian de Lisle Geoffrey de Lucy Geoffrey de Furnival Thomas Basset John FitzHugh Hugh de Neville John Marshal William Brewer
All these vpon receipt of the barons letters, or the more part of them came to London, and ioined themselues with the barons, vtterlie renouncing to aid king John.
King John 25 · 📍 Windsore · the 15 daie of June
Finallie, when the king measuring his owne strength with the barons, perceiued that he was not able to resist them, he consented to subscribe and seale to such articles concerning the liberties demanded, in forme for the most part as is conteined in the two charters Magna Charta, and Charta de Foresta, beginning Iohannes Dei gratia, &c.
King John 25
King John William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke Gilbert de Clare Eustace de Vesci Hugh Bigod William de Mowbray Gilbert de la Vale Robert de Ros Richard de Percy John FitzRobert William Mallet Geoffrey de Say Roger de Mowbray William de Huntingfield Richard de Montfichet William de Albini
These fiue and twentie were sworne to sée the liberties granted and confirmed by the king to be in euerie point obserued, but if he went against the same, then they should haue authoritie to compell him to the obseruing of euerie of them.
King John 25 · herevpon
The king herevpon sent his letters patents vnto the shiriffes of all the counties of this realme, commanding them to sée the ordinances and liberties which he granted and confirmed, to be diligentlie obserued.
King John 25 · For the more strengthening of this his grant
And for the more strengthening of this his grant, he had gotten the pope to confirme a like charter granted the yeare before.
King John 26
the king hauing condescended to make such grant of liberties, farre contrarie to his mind
King John 26 · 📍 [[Southampton]] · the next day verie late in the euening
Wherefore the next day verie late in the euening, he secretlie departed to Southampton, and so ouer into the Ile of Wight
King John 26
King John Walter, Bishop of Worcester John, Bishop of Norwich Richard de Marish Pope Innocent III
And so Walter the bishop of Worcester, & John the bishop of Norwich, with one Richard Marish his chancellor, with all spéed were sent as ambassadors from the king vnto pope Innocent
King John 26 · 📍 [[Douer]] · at the feast of saint Michaell next insuing
There were also sent by him other messengers, as Hugh de Boues and others, into diuerse parts beyond the sea, to bring from thence great numbers of men of war and souldiers, appointing them to méet him at Douer, at the feast of saint Michaell next insuing.
King John 26
he décréed that all those priuiledges, which the king had granted vnto the lords and barons of this realme, as inforced thereto by their rebellious attempt, should be accounted void and of none effect. Also he wrote vnto the lords, admonishing them by his letters that they should obeie their king
King John 26 · 📍 [[the court of Rome]] · At the same time
Gualo Pope Innocent III King John
by whose chiefe trauell and means the pope was greatlie induced to fauour king Johns cause, and to iudge with him in preiudice of the lords purposes
King John 27 · 📍 [[Rochester]] · out of hand
Wherevpon out of hand (notwithstanding the popes prohibition and prescript to the contrarie) they determined to trie their cause by dint of sword, and with all spéed assembled their powers, which for the greater part they had latelie dismissed and sent home. They furnished the castell of Rochester with a strong garrison of men, and placed therein as capteine one William Albeney, a verie skilfull warriour.
King John 27 · 📍 [[Rochester]]
King John then hauing recouered strength about him, and being aduertised that William de Albenie was entred into the castell of Rochester with a great number of knights, men of armes and other souldiers, hasted thither with his whole armie, and besieged them within, inforcing himselfe by all waies possible to win the castell as well by battering the walles with engines, as by giuing thereto manie assaults:
King John 27 · 📍 [[Rochester]] · after it had béene besieged the space of thrée score daies
At length they within for want of vittels were constreined to yéeld it vp vnto the king, after it had béene besieged the space of thrée score daies:
King John 27 · 📍 [[Corfe]] · But the king hauing now got the possession of that hold
King John William de Albini William de Lancaster William de Emeford Thomas de Multon Osbert Gifford Osbert de Bobie Odinell de Albini
Thus the king spared the Nobles and gentlemen, sending William de Albenie, William de Lancaster, William de Emeford, Thomas de Muleton, Osbert Gifford, Osbert de Bobie, Odinell de Albenie, and diuerse other to the castell of Corfe, there to be kept as prisoners.
King John 27 · 📍 [[Notingham]] · But the king hauing now got the possession of that hold
King John Robert Charnie Richard Gifford Thomas de Lincoln
But Robert Charnie, Richard Gifford, and Thomas de Lincolne were sent to Notingham, and so other were sent to other places.
King John 27
As for all the demilances or yeomen (if I shall so call them) and the arcubalisters which had slaine manie of his men during the siege (as Matthew Paris saith) the king caused them to be hanged, to put other in feare that should so obstinatlie resist him.
King John 27 · 📍 [[Calice]] · as he was vpon the sea
But as he was vpon the sea with all his people, meaning to land at Douer, by a sudden tempest which rose at that instant, the said Hugh with all his companie was drowned by shipwracke.
King John 27 · 📍 [[Yorke]] · About this season
so that the said Walter Graie was then elected and promoted to the guiding of the sée of Yorke, according to the kings speciall desire in that behalfe.
King John 28
Pope Innocent III Peter des Roches Pandulph
the said bishop of Winchester & Pandulph procéeded to the pronouncing of the excommunication against the barons
King John 28 · 📍 [[Beauer]]
King John Nicholas de Albini William de Stodham Hugh Charnelles
the which came to the king with the keies of the castell, and surrendered the same vnto him, with condition that he should be good to their master the said William Albeney, and grant vnto them their horses and armour, wherwith they would remaine with him vnder his peace and protection.
King John 28 · 📍 [[Barwike]]
and entring that realme, tooke the castell of Barwike, and other places of strength in those parts
King John 28
King John Hugh de Baliol Philip de Hulcotes Robert de Vieuxpont Brian de Lisle Geoffrey de Lucy
This being doone, he committed the countrie which lieth betwixt the riuer of These, and the confines of Scotland, to the kéeping of Hugh de Balioll & Philip de Hulcotes, assigning to them such conuenient number of men of warre as was thought expedient, and the custodie of the castels in Yorkeshire he deliuered to Robert de Vepount, to Brian de Lisle, and to Geffrey de Lucie.
King John 28 · 📍 [[Bedford]]
Fulk de Brent William Beauchamp King John
Moreouer the foresaid Foukes de Brent comming vnto Bedford, wan both the towne and castell: for they that had the castell in kéeping, after 7 daies respit (which they obteined at the hands of the said Foukes) when rescue came not from the lord William Beauchampe their maister, they deliuered it vnto the said Foukes. Vnto whom K. John gaue not onlie that castell, but also committed to his kéeping the castells of Northampton, Oxford and Cambridge.
King John 28
King John Fulk de Brent Margaret de Rivers
The king had this Foukes in great estimation, and amongst other waies to aduance him, he gaue to him in marriage Margaret de Riuers, a ladie of high nobilitie, with all the lands and possessions that to hir belonged.
King John 28
Thus what on the one part, and what on the other, the barons lost in maner all their possessions from the south sea vnto the borders of Scotland, the king seizing the same into his hands, and committing them to the kéeping of strangers, and such other as he thought more trustie and conuenient.
Chapter 29
King John 29 · about the same time
Pope Innocent III Robert FitzWalter Saer de Quincy, Earl of Winchester Geoffrey de Mandeville, Earl of Essex William de Mandeville Hugh, Earl of Hereford Robert de Percy Geoffrey de Vescy J. Constable of Chester William de Mowbray William de Albini Peter de Braose Robert de Cressy Ranulfe Fitz Robert Roger Bigot, Earl of Norfolk Robert de Vere Foulke Fitz Warren William Mallet William de Montacute William FitzMarshall William de Beauchamp Simon de Kyme Robert de Montbégon Nicholas de Stuteville
pope Innocent, who before at the instant suit of king John had excommunicated the barons in generall, did now excommunicate them by name, and in particular, as these. First all the citizens of London which were authors of the mischéefe that had happened by the rebellion of the said barons. Also Robert Fitz Walter, Saer de Quincie earle of Winchester, R. his sonne, G. de Mandeuille, and W. his brother the earle of Clare, and G. his sonne, H. earle of Hereford, R. de Percie, G. de Vescie, J. conestable of Chester, W. de Mowbraie, Will. de Albenie, W. his sonne, P. de Breuse, R. de Cressey, J. his sonne, Ranulfe Fitz Robert, R. earle Bigot, H. his sonne, Robert de Vere, Foulke Fitz Warren, W. Mallet, W. de Mountacute, W. Fitz Marshall, W. de Beauchampe, S. de Kime, R. de Montbigons, and Nicholas de Stuteuille, with diuerse other.
King John 29 · 📍 [[Ile of Elie]]
The armie which king John had left behind him in the south parts, vnder the leading of the earle of Salisburie and other, laie not idle, but scowring the countries abroad (as partlie yée haue heard) came to S. Edmundsburie, and hauing intelligence there, that diuerse knights, ladies and gentlewomen that were there before their comming, had fled out of that towne, and for their more safetie were withdrawne into the Ile of Elie, they followed them, besieged the Ile, and assailed it on ech side, so that although they within had fortified the passages, and appointed men of warre to remaine vpon the gard of the same in places where it was thought most néedfull; yet at length they entred vpon them by force, Walter Bucke with his Brabanders being the first that set foot within the Ile towards Herbie. For by reason the waters in the fenes and ditches were hard frosen, so that men might passe by the same into the said Ile, they found means to enter, and spoiled it frōm side to side, togither with the cathedral church, carieng from thence at their departure a maruellous great prey of goods and cattell.
King John 29
Saer de Quincy, Earl of Winchester Robert FitzWalter Louis VIII
Therefore considering that they were in such extremitie of despaire they resolued with themselues to séeke for aid at the enimies hands, and therevpon Saer earle of Winchester, and Robert Fitz Walter, with letters vnder their seales were sent vnto Lewes the sonne of Philip the French king, offering him the crowne of England, and sufficient pledges for performance of the same, and other couenants to be agréed betwixt them, requiring him with all spéed to come vnto their succour.
King John 29
Philip II of France Louis VIII
Now king Philip the father of this Lewes, being glad to haue such an occasion to inuade the relme of England, which he neuer looued, promised willinglie that his sonne should come vnto the aid of the said barons with all conuenient spéed (but first he receiued foure and twentie hostages which he placed at Campaine for further assurance of the couenants accorded) and herewith he prepared an armie, and diuerse ships to transport his sonne and his armie ouer into England.
King John 29 · 📍 [[London]] · the seauen and twentith of Februarie
Philip II of France Hugh Thacon Eustace de Neville Baldwin Brecell William de Wimes Giles de Melun William de Beaumont Giles de Hersey Biset de Fersie
In the meane time, and to put the barons in comfort, he sent ouer a certeine number of armed men, vnder the leading of the chatelaine of saint Omers and the chatelaine of Arras, Hugh Thacon, Eustace de Neuille, Baldwin Brecell, William de Wimes, Giles de Melun, W. de Beamont, Giles de Hersie, Biset de Fersie, and others, the which taking the sea, arriued with one and fortie ships in the Thames, and so came to London the seauen and twentith of Februarie, where they were receiued of the barons with great ioy and gladnesse.
King John 29 · 📍 [[castell of Colchester]] · about the midst of Lent
But this rumour had not time to worke any great alteration, for after he had dispatched his businesse in the north, as he thought expedient, he returned, and comming into the east parts about the midst of Lent himselfe in person besieged the castell of Colchester, and within a few daies after his comming thither, it was deliuered vnto him by Frenchmen that kept it, with condition that they might depart with all their goods and armour, vnto their fellowes at London, and that the Englishmen there in companie with them in that castell, might likewise depart vpon reasonable ransoms.
King John 29 · 📍 [[Hidingham]] · After this
After this the castell of Hidingham was woone, which belonged vnto earle Robert de Vere. Then the king prepared to besiege London, but the Londoners were of such courage, that they set open their gates, and hearing of the kings approach, made readie to issue forth to giue him battell: wherof the king being aduertised, withdrew backe, but Sauerie de Mauleon was suddenlie set vpon by the Londoners, lost manie of his men, and was sore hurt and wounded himselfe.
King John 29 · Somewhat before this time also
The king perceiuing that it would not preuaile him to attempt the winning of the citie at that time, drew alongst the coast, fortified his castels, and prepared a great nauie, meaning to encounter his enimie Lewes by sea: but through tempest the ships which he had got togither from Yarmouth, Dunwich Lin, and other hauens, were dispersed in sunder, and manie of them cast awaie by rage and violence of the outragious winds.