Jonah

Family: Israel · Role: prophet · First appears: Jonah 1

In Jonah 1, God’s word came to Jonah, the son of Amittai, commanding him to go to Nineveh and proclaim judgment: “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.” Jonah instead fled toward Tarshish, but the lot identified him as responsible for the calamity at sea. He told the sailors to cast him into the sea, after which the storm ceased, and God prepared a great fish that swallowed him for three days and three nights.

In Jonah 2, Jonah prayed to God from the fish’s belly, describing his descent and giving thanks for his deliverance, saying, “Salvation is of the LORD.” God caused the fish to vomit him onto dry land. In Jonah 3, God again commanded Jonah to go to Nineveh and preach, and Jonah entered the city proclaiming that it would be overthrown within forty days.

In Jonah 4, God provided a gourd to shade Jonah, then sent a worm that withered it and a vehement east wind that caused Jonah to faint beneath the sun. God explained that Nineveh should be spared because it contained more than sixscore thousand people unable to discern between their right and left hands, as well as much cattle.

Relationship record

Life events

• God commanded Jonah to arise, go to Nineveh, and proclaim judgment against it.(Jonah 1 · 📍 Nineveh)
  • With: God
  • “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.”
• Jonah fled from God's presence and traveled toward Tarshish.(Jonah 1 · 📍 Tarshish)
  • “But Jonah rose up to flee unto Tarshish from the presence of the LORD, and went down to Joppa”
• The lot identified Jonah as responsible for the calamity.(Jonah 1)
  • With: God
  • “So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah.”
• Jonah instructed the sailors to cast him into the sea so the storm would cease.(Jonah 1 · 📍 the sea)
  • “Take me up, and cast me forth into the sea; so shall the sea be calm unto you”
• Jonah was cast into the sea, and the raging storm immediately ceased.(Jonah 1 · 📍 the sea)
  • “So they look up Jonah, and cast him forth into the sea: and the sea ceased from her raging.”
• God prepared a great fish to swallow Jonah, who remained inside it three days and nights.(Jonah 1)
  • With: God
  • “Now the LORD had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah. And Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights.”
• God caused Jonah to be vomited out of the fish onto dry land.(Jonah 2 · 📍 dry land)
  • With: God
  • “And the LORD spake unto the fish, and it vomited out Jonah upon the dry land.”
• God commanded Jonah to go to Nineveh and preach the message God would give him.(Jonah 3 · 📍 Nineveh)
  • With: God
  • “Arise, go unto Nineveh, that great city, and preach unto it the preaching that I bid thee.”
• Jonah entered Nineveh and proclaimed that it would be overthrown within forty days.(Jonah 3 · 📍 Nineveh)
  • “And Jonah began to enter into the city a day’s journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown.”
• God provides a gourd to shade Jonah and relieve his grief.(Jonah 4)
  • With: God
  • “And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief.”
• God sends a worm that strikes the gourd, causing it to wither.(Jonah 4)
  • With: God
  • “But God prepared a worm when the morning rose the next day, and it smote the gourd that it withered.”
• God sends a vehement east wind, causing Jonah to faint beneath the sun.(Jonah 4)
  • With: God
  • “And it came to pass, when the sun did arise, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted”
• God reveals that Nineveh should be spared because of its many vulnerable inhabitants and cattle.(Jonah 4 · 📍 Nineveh)
  • With: God
  • “And should not I spare Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?”

Jonah 1

• parent: Amittai (Amittai is identified as Jonah's father.) “Now the word of the LORD came unto Jonah the son of Amittai, saying,”
• commander: God “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.”

Jonah 2

• deity: God “But I will sacrifice unto thee with the voice of thanksgiving; I will pay that that I have vowed. Salvation is of the LORD.”
• with God (God rescues Jonah from the depths.) “I went down to the bottoms of the mountains; the earth with her bars was about me for ever: yet hast thou brought up my life from corruption, O LORD my God.”
• with God (Jonah prays to God.) “Then Jonah prayed unto the LORD his God, out of the fish’s belly,”

Jonah 3

• commander: God “Arise, go unto Nineveh, that great city, and preach unto it the preaching that I bid thee.”

Jonah 4

• with God (God questions Jonah's anger.) “Then said the LORD, Doest thou well to be angry?”
• deity: God (Jonah prays to God.) “And he prayed unto the LORD, and said, I pray thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was yet in my country?”

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Extracted from the original text of The Prophets. Made with Rho MD.